Actions of Avatan in details
Description: Avatan, a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2α, reduces intraocular pressure by increasing uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humour.
Onset: Approx 2 hr.
Duration: At least 24 hr.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Absorbed through the cornea. Time to peak plasma concentration: W/in 30 min.
Metabolism: Hydrolysed by esterases in the cornea to its biologically active free acid; metabolised to inactive metabolites systemically.
Excretion: Via urine (<2%). Mean terminal elimination half-life: 45 min (as free acid).
How should I take Avatan?
Your eye doctor will tell you how much of Avatan to use and how often. Do not use more medicine or use it more often than your doctor tells you to.
Your doctor may order 2 or more eye drops to be used together. You should wait at least 5 minutes before putting another eye drop in the same eye.
Remove contact lenses before using Avatan. Wait at least 15 minutes after using Avatan before putting the contact lenses back in.
To use:
- The bottle is only partially full to provide proper drop control.
- First, wash your hands. Tilt your head back and, pressing your finger gently on the skin just beneath the lower eyelid, pull the lower eyelid away from the eye to make a space. Drop the medicine into this space. Let go of the eyelid and gently close the eyes. Do not blink. Keep the eyes closed for 1 to 2 minutes to allow the medicine to cover the eye.
- Remove any excess solution around the eye with a clean tissue, being careful not to touch the eye.
- Immediately after using the eye drops, wash your hands to remove any medicine that may be on them.
- To keep the medicine as germ-free as possible, do not touch the applicator tip to any surface (including the eye). Also, keep the container tightly closed.
Dosing
The dose of Avatan will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of Avatan. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.
- For ophthalmic dosage form (eye drops):
- For glaucoma or hypertension of the eye:
- Adults and children 16 years of age and older—Use one drop in the affected eye once a day in the evening.
- Children younger than 16 years of age—Use is not recommended.
- For glaucoma or hypertension of the eye:
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose of Avatan, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Storage
Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.
Avatan pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
- Avatan free acid, a prostaglandin analog is a selective FP prostanoid receptor agonist which is believed to reduce intraocular pressure by increasing uveoscleral outflow. The exact mechanism of action is unknown at this time.
Pharmacokinetics
- Avatan is absorbed through the cornea and is hydrolyzed to the active free acid. Data from four multiple dose pharmacokinetic studies (totaling 107 subjects) have shown that plasma concentrations of the free acid are below 0.01 ng/mL (the quantitation limit of the assay) in two-thirds of the subjects. In those individuals with quantifiable plasma concentrations (N=38), the mean plasma Cmax was 0.018 ± 0.007 ng/mL (ranged 0.01 to 0.052 ng/mL) and was reached within 30 minutes. From these studies, Avatan is estimated to have a plasma half-life of 45 minutes. There was no difference in plasma concentrations between Days 1 and 7, indicating steady-state was reached early and that there was no significant accumulation.
Avatan, an isopropyl ester prodrug, is hydrolyzed by esterases in the cornea to its biologically active free acid. Systemically, Avatan free acid is metabolized to inactive metabolites via beta-oxidation of the α(carboxylic acid) chain to give the 1,2-dinor and 1,2,3,4-tetranor analogs, via oxidation of the 15-hydroxyl moiety, as well as via reduction of the 13,14 double bond.
The elimination of Avatan free acid from plasma was rapid and levels were generally below the limit of quantification within one hour after dosing. The terminal elimination half-life of Avatan free acid was estimated from fourteen subjects and ranged from 17 minutes to 86 minutes with the mean half-life of 45 minutes. Less than 2% of the topical ocular dose of Avatan was excreted in the urine within 4 hours as the Avatan free acid.
References
- DailyMed. "TRAVOPROST: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- NCIt. "Travoprost: NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) provides reference terminology for many systems. It covers vocabulary for clinical care, translational and basic research, and public information and administrative activities.". https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser... (accessed September 17, 2018).
Reviews
The results of a survey conducted on ndrugs.com for Avatan are given in detail below. The results of the survey conducted are based on the impressions and views of the website users and consumers taking Avatan. We implore you to kindly base your medical condition or therapeutic choices on the result or test conducted by a physician or licensed medical practitioners.User reports
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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology
