What happens if I overdose Ceftibac?
Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center ( http://www.aapcc.org), or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness; muscle spasms; seizures.
Proper storage of Ceftibac:
Ceftibac is usually handled and stored by a health care provider. If you are using Ceftibac at home, store Ceftibac as directed by your pharmacist or health care provider. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Ceftibac out of the reach of children and away from pets.
Overdose of Ceftibac in details
Ceftibac overdosage has occurred in patients with renal failure. Reactions have included seizure activity, encephalopathy, asterixis, neuromuscular excitability, and coma. Patients who receive an acute overdosage should be carefully observed and given supportive treatment. In the presence of renal insufficiency, hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may aid in the removal of Ceftibac from the body.
What should I avoid while taking Ceftibac?
Antibiotic medicines can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or bloody, stop taking Ceftibac and call your doctor. Do not use anti-diarrhea medicine unless your doctor tells you to.
Ceftibac warnings
Hypersensitivity Reactions to Ceftibac, Cephalosporins, Penicillins, or Other Drugs
Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to Ceftibac have been reported. Careful inquiry should be made to determine whether the patient has had previous hypersensitivity reactions with cephalosporins or penicillins. Exercise caution if this product is to be given to penicillin-sensitive patients because cross-hypersensitivity among beta-lactam antibacterials has been clearly documented and may occur in up to 10% of patients with a history of penicillin allergy. If an allergic reaction to Ceftibac for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP occurs, discontinue the drug.
Hemolytic Anemia
An immune mediated hemolytic anemia has been observed in patients receiving cephalosporin class antibacterials including Ceftibac. Severe cases of hemolytic anemia, including fatalities, have been reported during treatment with cephalosporin class antibiotics in both adults and children. If a patient develops anemia while on Ceftibac, the diagnosis of a cephalosporin associated anemia should be considered and Ceftibac stopped until the etiology is determined.
Clostridium difficile-associated Diarrhea
Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including Ceftibac, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. difficile.
C. difficile produces toxins A and B, which contribute to the development of CDAD. Hypertoxin-producing strains of C. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy. CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use. Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents.
If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C. difficile may need to be discontinued. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C. difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.
Neurologic Adverse Reactions in Patients with Renal Impairment
Elevated levels of Ceftibac in patients with renal impairment can lead to seizures, encephalopathy, coma, asterixis, neuromuscular excitability, and myoclonus. Continued dosage should be determined by degree of renal impairment, severity of infection, and susceptibility of the causative organisms.
Hypersensitivity to Dextrose-containing Products
Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported with administration of dextrose containing products. These reactions have been reported in patients receiving high concentrations of dextrose (i.e. 50% dextrose). The reactions have also been reported when corn-derived dextrose solutions were administered to patients with or without a history of hypersensitivity to corn products.
Risk of Development of Drug-resistant Bacteria
Prescribing Ceftibac for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP in the absence of proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug-resistant bacteria.
As with other antimicrobials, prolonged use of Ceftibac for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible microorganisms. Repeated evaluation of the patient's condition is essential. Should superinfection occur during therapy, appropriate measures should be taken.
Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions
Prothrombin TimeMany cephalosporins, including Ceftibac, have been associated with a fall in prothrombin activity. Those at risk include patients with renal or hepatic impairment, or poor nutritional state, as well as patients receiving a protracted course of antimicrobial therapy. Prothrombin time should be monitored in patients at risk, and exogenous vitamin K administered as indicated.
Urinary Glucose
The administration of Ceftibac may result in a false-positive reaction with glucose in the urine when using CLINITEST® tablets. It is recommended that glucose tests based on enzymatic glucose oxidase reactions (e.g., CLINISTIX®) be used.
Inadvertent Intra-arterial Administration
Distal necrosis can occur after inadvertent intra-arterial administration of Ceftibac.
What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking Ceftibac?
Some medical conditions may interact with Ceftibac. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
- if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
- if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
- if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
- if you have had a severe allergic reaction (eg, severe rash, hives, difficulty breathing, dizziness) to a penicillin (eg, amoxicillin) or beta-lactam antibiotic (eg, imipenem)
- if you have stomach or bowel problems (eg, inflammation), blood clotting problems, kidney or liver problems, myasthenia gravis, or poor nutrition
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Ceftibac. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
- Aminoglycosides (eg, gentamicin) or diuretics (eg, furosemide) because risk of kidney side effects may be increased
- Chloramphenicol because it may decrease Ceftibac's effectiveness
- Hormonal birth control (eg, birth control pills) because its effectiveness may be decreased by Ceftibac
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Ceftibac may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
Ceftibac precautions
Prior to initiation of therapy with Ceftibac, careful inquiry should be made concerning previous hypersensitivity reactions to cephalosporins, penicillins or other drugs. There is clinical and laboratory evidence of partial cross-allergenicity among cephalosporins and other β-lactam antibiotics including penicillins, cephamycins and 1-oxa-β-lactams.
Ceftibac should be used with caution in patients with a history of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins. In addition, although it has not been proven that allergic reactions to antibiotics are more frequent in atopic individuals, the manufacturers state that Ceftibac should be used with caution in patients with a history of allergy, particularly to drugs.
Use of Ceftibac may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, especially Candida, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococci, Enterobacter or Pseudomonas. Resistant strains of P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter have developed during therapy with Ceftibac.
Careful observation of the patient during Ceftibac therapy is essential. If super- or suprainfection occurs, appropriate therapy should be instituted. Because antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with the use of cephalosporins or other broad-spectrum anti-infective agents, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients who develop diarrhea during Ceftibac therapy. Ceftibac should be used with caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disease, especially colitis.
Because serum concentrations of Ceftibac are higher and more prolonged in patients with renal impairment than in patients with normal renal function, doses and/or frequency of administration of the drug should be decreased in patients with transient or persistent renal impairment.
What happens if I miss a dose of Ceftibac?
Use the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not use extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
If you are receiving this medication at a clinic, call your doctor if you miss an appointment for your injection.
References
- DailyMed. "CEFTAZIDIME: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- DrugBank. "ceftazidime". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00438 (accessed September 17, 2018).
- MeSH. "Anti-Bacterial Agents". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68... (accessed September 17, 2018).
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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology
