Actions of Cyclomin in details
Antibacterial.
Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Cyclomin hydrochloride is quickly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration.
Following a single dose of 2 Cyclomin hydrochloride 100 mg capsules, maximum serum concentrations averaged 3.64 mcg/mL.
Distribution: Cyclomin hydrochloride distributes largely to all tissues due to its high degree of lipophilicity. Studies have shown that Cyclomin hydrochloride is found in high concentration in lung tissue and mucus in man.
Metabolism: Cyclomin hydrochloride is extensively metabolized in humans.
Cyclomin hydrochloride is mainly excreted in the bile and a small amount is recovered in the urine as active form. The amount of active drug recovered in the feces after oral administration ranges from 20-34%.
Elimination: The mean serum half-life is approximately 16 hrs for oral administration.
Effects of Food: Absorption of the standard oral formulations of Cyclomin is impaired by food, milk, and other dairy products. The peak plasma concentrations were slightly decreased by 11.2% and delayed by 1 hr when administered with food, compared to dosing under fasting conditions.
Special Populations: In patients with hepatic dysfunction, the Cyclomin hydrochloride serum half-life ranged from 10.7-16.9 hrs.
The majority of studies in patients with varying degrees of renal impairment showed no significant difference in pharmacokinetic parameters as compared to healthy subjects.
Toxicology: Preclinical Safety Data: Dietary administration of Cyclomin hydrochloride in long-term tumorigenicity studies in rats resulted in evidence of thyroid tumor production. In the rat, chronic treatment with Cyclomin hydrochloride has resulted in goiter accompanied by elevated radioactive iodine uptake and evidence of thyroid tumor production. Cyclomin hydrochloride has been observed to cause a dark discoloration of the thyroid in animals (rats, mice, dogs, and monkeys). Cyclomin hydrochloride has also been found to produce thyroid hyperplasia in rats and dogs.
In addition, there has been evidence of oncogenic activity in rats in studies with a related antibiotic, oxytetracycline (ie, adrenal and pituitary tumors). Likewise, although mutagenicity studies of Cyclomin hydrochloride have not been conducted, positive result in in vitro mammalian cell assays (ie, mouse lymphoma and Chinese hamster lung cells) have been reported for related antibiotics (tetracycline hydrochloride and oxytetracycline).
Segment I (fertility and general reproduction) studies have provided evidence that Cyclomin hydrochloride impairs fertility in male rats.
Microbiology: The tetracyclines are primarily bacteriostatic and are thought to exert their antimicrobial effect by the inhibition of protein synthesis. The tetracyclines, including Cyclomin hydrochloride, have similar antimicrobial spectra of activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
Cross-resistance of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms to tetracyclines is common. Almost all S. pyogenes strains are resistant to Cyclomin hydrochloride. Therefore, Cyclomin hydrochloride should not be used for streptococcal disease unless the organism has been demonstrated to be susceptible.
Because many strains of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms have been shown to be resistant to tetracyclines, culture and susceptibility tests are recommended.
How should I take Cyclomin?
Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
Take this medicine with a full glass (8 ounces) of water.
Most brands of Cyclomin may be taken with or without food.
Take Cyclomin (pellet-filled capsules) on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.
Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet. Swallow it whole. Breaking the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.
Take this medication for the full prescribed length of time. Your symptoms may improve before the infection is completely cleared. Skipping doses may also increase your risk of further infection that is resistant to antibiotics. Cyclomin will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu.
To be sure this medicine is not causing harmful effects, your blood will need to be tested often. Your kidney, liver, or thyroid function may also need to be tested. Visit your doctor regularly.
If you need surgery, tell the surgeon ahead of time that you are using Cyclomin. You may need to stop using the medicine for a short time.
Cyclomin can cause false results with certain urine tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using this medication.
Store this medication at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.
Throw away any unused Cyclomin when it expires or when it is no longer needed. Do not take any Cyclomin after the expiration date printed on the label. Using expired Cyclomin can cause damage to your kidneys.
Cyclomin administration
Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
Take this medicine with a full glass (8 ounces) of water.
Most brands of Cyclomin may be taken with or without food.
Take Cyclomin (pellet-filled capsules) on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.
Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet. Swallow it whole. Breaking the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.
Take this medication for the full prescribed length of time. Your symptoms may improve before the infection is completely cleared. Skipping doses may also increase your risk of further infection that is resistant to antibiotics. Cyclomin will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu.
To be sure this medicine is not causing harmful effects, your blood will need to be tested often. Your kidney, liver, or thyroid function may also need to be tested. Visit your doctor regularly.
If you need surgery, tell the surgeon ahead of time that you are using Cyclomin. You may need to stop using the medicine for a short time.
Cyclomin can cause false results with certain urine tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using this medication.
Store this medication at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.
Throw away any unused Cyclomin when it expires or when it is no longer needed. Do not take any Cyclomin after the expiration date printed on the label. Using expired Cyclomin can cause damage to your kidneys.
Cyclomin pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics
Cyclomin® Tablets are not bioequivalent to Cyclomin products. Based on pharmacokinetic studies in healthy adults, Cyclomin® Tablets produce a delayed Tmax at 3.5–4.0 hours as compared to a non-modified release reference Cyclomin product (Tmax at 2.25–3 hours). At steady-state (Day 6), the mean AUC(0–24) and Cmax were 33.32 µg×hr/mL and 2.63 µg/mL for Cyclomin® Tablets and 46.35 µg×hr/mL and 2.92 µg/mL for Cyclomin® capsules, respectively. These parameters are based on dose adjusted to 135 mg per day for both products.
A single-dose, four-way crossover study demonstrated that all strengths of Cyclomin® Tablets (45 mg, 90 mg, and 135 mg) exhibited dose-proportional pharmacokinetics.
When Cyclomin® Tablets were administered concomitantly with a meal that included dairy products, the extent and timing of absorption of Cyclomin did not differ from that of administration under fasting conditions.
Microbiology
Cyclomin is bacteriostatic exerting its antimicrobial effect by the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis. Cyclomin is lipid soluble and distributes in to the skin and sebum. Cyclomin has been shown to have in vitro activity against Propionibacterium acnes, an organism associated with acne vulgaris, however, the clinical significance of this activity against P. acnes in patients with acne vulgaris is not known.
References
- NCIt. "Dicyclomine: NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) provides reference terminology for many systems. It covers vocabulary for clinical care, translational and basic research, and public information and administrative activities.". https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- EPA DSStox. "Minocycline: DSSTox provides a high quality public chemistry resource for supporting improved predictive toxicology.". https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/ds... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- EPA DSStox. "Dicyclomine: DSSTox provides a high quality public chemistry resource for supporting improved predictive toxicology.". https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/ds... (accessed September 17, 2018).
Reviews
The results of a survey conducted on ndrugs.com for Cyclomin are given in detail below. The results of the survey conducted are based on the impressions and views of the website users and consumers taking Cyclomin. We implore you to kindly base your medical condition or therapeutic choices on the result or test conducted by a physician or licensed medical practitioners.User reports
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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology
