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Florfenikel Kela pharmacology

The pharmacokinetic disposition of Florfenikel Kela™ was evaluated in feeder calves following a single subcutaneous injection at a dose rate of 40 mg Florfenikel Kela/kg body weight. Administration of Florfenikel Kela™ resulted in Florfenikel Kela plasma concentrations of 2 µg (mcg)/mL within two hours of injection.

Table 1. Pharmacokinetic Parameter Values for Florfenikel Kela Following a Single Subcutaneous Injection of Florfenikel Kela™ at a Dose Rate of 40 mg Florfenikel Kela/kg Body Weight to Feeder Calves (n=24).

	Cmax (µg/mL)	Tmax (hr)	AUClast (µg*hr/mL)	T½ (hr)
Cmax: Maximum observed plasma concentration Tmax: Time at which Cmax was observed AUClast: Area under the plasma-concentration-time curve from time zero to the last quantifiable concentration that is equal to or greater than the limit of quantification of the validated analytical method T½: Terminal elimination half-life % CV: Percent coefficient of variance
* T½ value could not be accurately estimated for one calf † Tmax is presented as the median value or range of observed values (minimum to maximum)
n	24	24	24	23*
Mean	5.93	5†	150	37.7
% CV	38.3	2-12†	20.9	27.3

Figure 1. Mean Florfenikel Kela Plasma Concentration versus Time Following a Single Subcutaneous Injection of Florfenikel Kela™ at a Dose Rate of 40 mg Florfenico/kg Body Weight in Feeder Calves (Mean ± Standard Error of the Mean)

MICROBIOLOGY

Florfenikel Kela is a synthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic active against many Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria isolated from domestic animals. It acts by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Florfenikel Kela is generally considered a bacteriostatic drug, but it exhibits bactericidal activity against certain bacterial species. In vitro studies demonstrate that Florfenikel Kela is active against the BRD pathogens M. haemolytica, P. multocida, H. somni, and M. bovis and that Florfenikel Kela exhibits bactericidal activity against strains of M. haemolytica and H. somni.

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Florfenikel Kela were determined for BRD isolates obtained from calves enrolled in BRD field studies in the U.S. in 2006 using methods recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (M31-A2). Isolates were obtained from pre-treatment nasal swabs from all calves enrolled at all four sites, post-treatment nasal swabs from treatment failures in the Florfenikel Kela Injectable Solution and saline control treatment groups at three sites, and lung tissue from one calf that died in the saline control treatment group. The results are shown below in Table 2.

Table 2. Florfenikel Kela MIC values* of indicated pathogens isolated from cattle with naturally-occurring BRD

Indicated pathogens	Year of isolation	No. of isolates	MIC50† (µg/mL)	MIC90† (µg/mL)	MIC range (µg/mL)
* The correlation between in vitro susceptibility data and clinical effectiveness is unknown. † The lowest MIC to encompass 50% and 90% of the most susceptible isolates, respectively.
Mannheimia haemolytica	2006	158	1.0	1.0	0.5 to 32
Pasteurella multocida	2006	103	0.5	0.5	≤ 0.125 to 16
Histophilus somni	2006	85	≤ 0.125	≤ 0.125	≤ 0.125 to 0.25

Reviews

The results of a survey conducted on ndrugs.com for Florfenikel Kela are given in detail below. The results of the survey conducted are based on the impressions and views of the website users and consumers taking Florfenikel Kela. We implore you to kindly base your medical condition or therapeutic choices on the result or test conducted by a physician or licensed medical practitioners.

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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology