Actions of Lincomycin Hydrochloride in details
Pharmacology:
Intramuscular administration of a single dose of Lincomycin Hydrochloride produces average peak serum levels of 11.6 μg/mL at 60 minutes and maintains therapeutic levels for 17 to 20 hours for most susceptible gram-positive organisms. Urinary excretion after this dose ranges from 1.8 to 24.8 percent (mean: 17.3 percent).
A two hour intravenous infusion of 600 mg of Lincomycin Hydrochloride achieves average peak serum levels of 15.9 μg/mL and yields therapeutic levels for 14 hours for most susceptible gram-positive organisms. Urinary excretion ranges from 4.9 to 30.3 percent (mean: 13.8 percent).
The biological half-life after intramuscular or intravenous administration is 5.4±1.0 hours. The serum half-life of Lincomycin Hydrochloride may be prolonged in patients with severe impairment of renal function compared to patients with normal renal function. In patients with abnormal hepatic function, serum half-life may be two-fold longer than in patients with normal hepatic function. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing Lincomycin Hydrochloride from the serum.
Animal Pharmacology: In vivo
Clinical Studies: Experience with 345 obstetrical patients receiving this drug revealed no ill effects related to pregnancy.
Microbiology: Lincomycin Hydrochloride has been shown to be active against most strains of the following organisms both in vitro and in clinical infections:.
Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains); Streptococcus pneumoniae.
The following in vitro data are available; but their clinical significance is unknown.
Lincomycin Hydrochloride has been shown to be active in vitro against the following microorganisms; however, the safety and efficacy of Lincomycin Hydrochloride in treating clinical infections due to these organisms have not been established in adequate and well controlled trials.
Aerobic Gram-Positive Cocci: Streptococcus pyogenes, Viridans group streptococci.
Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli: Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
Anaerobic Gram-Positive Non-Sporeforming Bacilli: Propionibacterium acnes.
Anaerobic Gram-Positive Sporeforming Bacilli: Clostridium tetani, Clostridium perfringens.
This drug is neither active against most strains of Enterococcus faecalis nor against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae or other gram-negative organisms or yeasts.
Cross resistance has been demonstrated between clindamycin and Lincomycin Hydrochloride. Some cross resistance with erythromycin including a phenomenon known as dissociated cross resistance or macrolide effect has been reported.
Studies indicate that Lincomycin Hydrochloride does not share antigenicity with penicillin compounds.
How should I take Lincomycin Hydrochloride?
Lincomycin Hydrochloride is best taken with a full glass (8 ounces) of water on an empty stomach (either 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals), unless otherwise directed by your doctor.
To help clear up your infection completely, keep taking Lincomycin Hydrochloride for the full time of treatment, even if you begin to feel better after a few days. If you have a ``strep'' infection, you should keep taking Lincomycin Hydrochloride for at least 10 days. This is especially important in ``strep'' infections. Serious heart problems could develop later if your infection is not cleared up completely. Also, if you stop taking Lincomycin Hydrochloride too soon, your symptoms may return.
Lincomycin Hydrochloride works best when there is a constant amount in the blood. To help keep the amount constant, do not miss any doses. Also, it is best to take each dose at evenly spaced times day and night. For example, if you are to take 4 doses a day, doses should be spaced about 6 hours apart. If this interferes with your sleep or other daily activities, or if you need help in planning the best times to take your medicine, check with your health care professional.
Dosing
The dose of Lincomycin Hydrochloride will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of Lincomycin Hydrochloride. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.
- For infections caused by bacteria:
- For oral dosage form (capsules):
- Adults and teenagers—500 milligrams (mg) every six to eight hours.
- Infants up to 1 month of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- Children 1 month of age and older—Dose is based on body weight. The usual dose is 7.5 to 15 mg per kilogram (kg) (3.4 to 6.8 mg per pound) of body weight every six hours; or 10 to 20 mg per kg (4.5 to 9.1 mg per pound) of body weight every eight hours.
- For injection dosage form:
- Adults and teenagers—600 mg to 1 gram injected into a vein over at least one hour, every eight to twelve hours; or 600 mg injected into a muscle every twelve to twenty-four hours.
- Infants up to 1 month of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
- Children 1 month of age and older—Dose is based on body weight. The usual dose is 10 mg per kg (4.5 mg per pound) of body weight injected into a muscle every twelve to twenty-four hours; or 3.3 to 6.7 mg per kg (1.5 to 3 mg per pound) of body weight injected into a vein every eight hours; or 5 to 10 mg per kg (2.3 to 4.5 mg per pound) of body weight injected into a vein every twelve hours.
- For oral dosage form (capsules):
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose of Lincomycin Hydrochloride, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Storage
Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
Lincomycin Hydrochloride administration
Lincomycin Hydrochloride is given as an injection into a muscle, or through a needle placed into a vein. Your doctor, nurse, or other healthcare provider will give you this injection. You may be given instructions on how to inject your medicine at home. Do not use this medicine at home if you do not fully understand how to give the injection and properly dispose of needles and other items used in giving the medicine.
Lincomycin Hydrochloride is usually given every 12 to 24 hours. Follow your doctor's instructions.
Use each disposable needle only one time. Throw away used needles in a puncture-proof container (ask your pharmacist where you can get one and how to dispose of it). Keep this container out of the reach of children and pets.
Use this medication for the entire length of time prescribed by your doctor. Your symptoms may get better before the infection is completely treated. Lincomycin Hydrochloride will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu.
To be sure this medication is not causing harmful effects, your blood may need to be tested on a regular basis. Your kidney or liver function may also need to be tested.
If you store this medication at home, keep at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Lincomycin Hydrochloride pharmacology
Lincomycin Hydrochloride inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria by binding to the 50 S subunits of bacterial ribosomes and preventing peptide bond formation. It is usually considered bacteriostatic, but may be bactericidal in high concentrations or when used against highly susceptible organisms.
References
- NCIt. "Lincomycin: NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) provides reference terminology for many systems. It covers vocabulary for clinical care, translational and basic research, and public information and administrative activities.". https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- EPA DSStox. "Lincomycin: DSSTox provides a high quality public chemistry resource for supporting improved predictive toxicology.". https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/ds... (accessed September 17, 2018).
Reviews
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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology
