What is Minocycline Hydrochloride?
Treating certain infections. It may also be used with other medicines to treat severe acne. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Minocycline Hydrochloride is a tetracycline antibiotic. It works by slowing the growth of certain bacteria and allowing the body's immune system to kill them.
Minocycline Hydrochloride indications
Indication
Minocycline Hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP are indicated to treat only inflammatory lesions of non-nodular moderate to severe acne vulgaris in patients 12 years of age and older.
Limitations of Use
Minocycline Hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP did not demonstrate any effect on non-inflammatory acne lesions. Safety of Minocycline Hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP have not been established beyond 12 weeks of use. This formulation of Minocycline Hydrochloride has not been evaluated in the treatment of infections
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria as well as to maintain the effectiveness of other antibacterial drugs, Minocycline Hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP should be used only as indicated
How should I use Minocycline Hydrochloride?
Use Minocycline Hydrochloride as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
- An extra patient leaflet is available with Minocycline Hydrochloride. Talk to your pharmacist if you have questions about this information.
- Take Minocycline Hydrochloride by mouth with or without food.
- Swallow Minocycline Hydrochloride whole. Do not break, crush, or chew before swallowing.
- Take Minocycline Hydrochloride with a full glass of water (8 oz [240 mL]). Do not lie down for 30 minutes after taking Minocycline Hydrochloride.
- Minocycline Hydrochloride comes with calming wipes to help calm dry, red, and irritated skin associated with acne and its treatment.
- Do not take an antacid that has aluminum, calcium, or magnesium in it; bismuth salts (eg, bismuth subsalicylate); colestipol; iron salts (eg, iron sulfate); urinary alkalinizers (eg, sodium bicarbonate); sucralfate; vitamins or minerals; quinapril; didanosine; or zinc salts (eg, zinc sulfate) within 2 to 3 hours before or after taking Minocycline Hydrochloride. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions.
- To clear up your infection completely, take Minocycline Hydrochloride for the full course of treatment. Keep taking it even if you feel better in a few days.
- Minocycline Hydrochloride works best if it is taken at the same time each day.
- If you miss a dose of Minocycline Hydrochloride, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Minocycline Hydrochloride.
Uses of Minocycline Hydrochloride in details
Use: Labeled Indications
Acute intestinal amebiasis: Adjunctive therapy to amebicides in the treatment of acute intestinal amebiasis
Acne:
Oral (immediate release) and IV:
Adjunctive therapy for the treatment of severe acne
Oral (extended-release):
Treatment of only inflammatory lesions of non-nodular moderate to severe acne vulgaris in patients 12 years and older
Actinomycosis: Treatment of actinomycosis caused by Actinomyces israelii when penicillin is contraindicated
Anthrax: Treatment of anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis when penicillin is contraindicated
Asymptomatic carriers of Neisseria meningitidis: Oral (immediate-release):
To eliminate the meningococci from the nasopharynx of asymptomatic carriers of N. meningitidis
Campylobacter: Treatment of infections caused by Campylobacter fetus
Cholera: Treatment of cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae
Clostridium: Treatment of infections caused by Clostridium spp when penicillin is contraindicated
Gram-negative infections: Treatment of infections caused by Acinetobacter spp, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Shigella spp
Listeriosis: Treatment of listeriosis due to Listeria monocytogenes when penicillin is contraindicated
Meningitis: Treatment of meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis when penicillin is contraindicated
Ophthalmic infections:
Treatment of inclusion conjunctivitis or trachoma caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
Relapsing fever: Treatment of relapsing fever caused by Borrelia recurrentis
Respiratory tract infections: Treatment of respiratory tract infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella spp, or Mycoplasma pneumonia. For the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Rickettsial infections: Treatment of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever and the typhus group, Q fever, rickettsialpox, and tick fevers caused by Rickettsiae
Sexually transmitted infections: Treatment of lymphogranuloma venereum caused by C. trachomatis; nongonococcal urethritis, endocervical, or rectal infections in adults caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum or C. trachomatis; donovanosis (granuloma inguinale) caused by Klebsiella granulomatis; syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum, when penicillin is contraindicated
Skin and skin structure infections: Treatment of skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (not considered a first-line agent for any staphylococcal infection)
Urinary tract infections: Treatment of urinary tract infections caused by Klebsiella species
Vincent infection: Treatment of Vincent infection caused by Fusobacterium fusiforme when penicillin is contraindicated
Yaws: Treatment of yaws caused by T. pallidum subspecies pertenue when penicillin is contraindicated
Zoonotic infections: Treatment of psittacosis (ornithosis) due to Chlamydia psittaci; plague due to Yersinia pestis; tularemia due to Francisella tularensis; brucellosis due to Brucella spp (in conjunction with streptomycin); bartonellosis due to Bartonella bacilliformis
Off Label Uses
Cellulitis (purulent) due to community-acquired MRSA
Based on the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infections in Adults and Children, Minocycline Hydrochloride is effective and recommended in the outpatient management of purulent cellulitis due to community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).
Leprosy
Based on the National Hansen's Disease Program (NHDP) treatment recommendations, Minocycline Hydrochloride, in combination with other agents, is an effective and recommended alternative agent for treatment of lepromatous (multibacillary) and tuberculoid (paucibacillary) leprosy.
Nocardiosis
Data from a limited number of patients studied suggest that Minocycline Hydrochloride, with or without other concomitant antimicrobials, may be beneficial for the treatment of nocardiosis
Prosthetic Joint Infection
Based on the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) Diagnosis and Management of Prosthetic Joint Infection: Clinical Practice Guideline, Minocycline Hydrochloride (based on in vitro susceptibility) given for indefinite chronic oral antimicrobial suppression of prosthetic joint infections is an effective and recommended treatment option. Minocycline Hydrochloride is one of the preferred agents for Staphylococci (oxacillin-resistant) infections and is an alternative treatment for infections caused by Cutibacterium spp.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Data from older controlled studies and a meta-analysis have demonstrated a beneficial effect on laboratory parameters and modest clinical benefit in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Some data suggest that Minocycline Hydrochloride may be effective in patients with recent-onset disease to reduce the total steroid dose needed.
The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) updated guideline for the treatment of RA did not include Minocycline Hydrochloride due to its infrequent use in RA and lack of new data since prior publication.
Minocycline Hydrochloride description
Minocycline Hydrochloride is a yellow, crystalline powder; sparingly soluble or soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol, practically insoluble in chloroform and in ether, dissolves in solutions of alkali hydroxides and carbonates.
Minocycline Hydrochloride is 4-7, bis (dimethylamino)-1, 4, 4a, 5, 5a, 6, 11, 12a-octahydro-3,10,12, 12a-tetrahydroxy- 1,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide monohydrochloride.
It has a molecular formula of C23H27N3O7 HCl. Molecular weight is 493.94.
Minocycline Hydrochloride dosage
The recommended dosage of Minocycline Hydrochloride extended-release tablet USP is approximately 1 mg/kg once daily for 12 weeks. Higher doses have not shown to be of additional benefit in the treatment of inflammatory lesions of acne, and may be associated with more acute vestibular side effects.
The following table shows tablet strength and body weight to achieve approximately 1 mg/kg.
| Patient's Weight (lbs.) | Patient's Weight (kg) | Tablet Strength (mg) | Actual mg/kg Dose |
| 99 - 109 | 45 - 49 | 45 | 1 - 0.92 |
| 110 - 131 | 50 - 59 | 55 | 1.10 - 0.93 |
| 132 - 157 | 60 - 71 | 65 | 1.08 - 0.92 |
| 158 - 186 | 72 - 84 | 80 | 1.11 - 0.95 |
| 187 - 212 | 85 - 96 | 90 | 1.06 - 0.94 |
| 213 - 243 | 97 - 110 | 105 | 1.08 - 0.95 |
| 244 - 276 | 111 - 125 | 115 | 1.04 - 0.92 |
| 277 - 300 | 126 - 136 | 135 | 1.07 - 0.99 |
Minocycline Hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP may be taken with or without food. Ingestion of food along with Minocycline Hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP may help reduce the risk of esophageal irritation and ulceration.
In patients with renal impairment, the total dosage should be decreased by either reducing the recommended individual doses and/or by extending the time intervals between doses.
Minocycline Hydrochloride interactions
See also:
What other drugs will affect Minocycline Hydrochloride?
Because tetracyclines have been shown to depress plasma prothrombin activity, patients who are on anticoagulant therapy may require downward adjustment of their anticoagulant dosage.
Since bacteriostatic drugs may interfere with the bactericidal action of penicillin, it is advisable to avoid giving tetracycline-class drugs in conjunction with penicillin.
Absorption of tetracyclines is impaired by antacids containing aluminum, calcium, or magnesium, and iron-containing preparations.
The concurrent use of tetracycline and methoxyflurane has been reported to result in fatal renal toxicity.
Concurrent use of tetracyclines with oral contraceptives may render oral contraceptives less effective.
Administration of isotretinoin should be avoided shortly before, during, and shortly after Minocycline Hydrochloride therapy. Each drug alone has been associated with pseudotumor cerebri.
Increased risk of ergotism when ergot alkaloids or their derivatives are given with tetracyclines.
Minocycline Hydrochloride side effects
See also:
What are the possible side effects of Minocycline Hydrochloride?
Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug, and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The following table summarizes selected adverse reactions reported in clinical trials at a rate of ≥1% for Minocycline Hydrochloride extended-release tablets.
| Adverse Reactions | Minocycline Hydrochloride extended-release tablets (1 mg/kg) N = 674 (%) | Placebo N = 364 (%) |
| At least one treatment-emergent event | 379 (56) | 197 (54) |
| Headache | 152 (23) | 83 (23) |
| Fatigue | 62 (9) | 24 (7) |
| Dizziness | 59 (9) | 17 (5) |
| Pruritus | 31 (5) | 16 (4) |
| Malaise | 26 (4) | 9 (3) |
| Mood alteration | 17 (3) | 9 (3) |
| Somnolence | 13 (2) | 3 (1) |
| Urticaria | 10 (2) | 1 (0) |
| Tinnitus | 10 (2) | 5 (1) |
| Arthralgia | 9 (1) | 2 (0) |
| Vertigo | 8 (1) | 3 (1) |
| Dry mouth | 7 (1) | 5 (1) |
| Myalgia | 7 (1) | 4 (1) |
Postmarketing Experience
Adverse reactions that have been reported with Minocycline Hydrochloride use in a variety of indications include:
Skin and hypersensitivity reactions: fixed drug eruptions, balanitis, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, anaphylactoid purpura, photosensitivity, pigmentation of skin and mucous membranes, hypersensitivity reactions, angioneurotic edema, anaphylaxis, DRESS syndrome.
Autoimmune conditions: polyarthralgia, pericarditis, exacerbation of systemic lupus, pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia, transient lupus-like syndrome.
Central nervous system: pseudotumor cerebri, bulging fontanels in infants, decreased hearing.
Endocrine: brown-black hygroscopic thyroid discoloration, abnormal thyroid function.
Oncology: thyroid cancer.
Oral: glossitis, dysphagia, tooth discoloration.
Gastrointestinal: enterocolitis, pancreatitis, hepatitis, liver failure.
Renal: reversible acute renal failure.
Hematology: hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia.
Preliminary studies suggest that use of Minocycline Hydrochloride may have deleterious effects on human spermatogenesis.
Minocycline Hydrochloride contraindications
See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Minocycline Hydrochloride?
This drug is contraindicated in persons who have shown hypersensitivity to any of the tetracyclines or to any of the components of the product formulation.
Active ingredient matches for Minocycline Hydrochloride:
Minocycline Hydrochloride
| Unit description / dosage (Manufacturer) | Price, USD |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride capsule 50 mg/1 (Unit Dose Services (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride capsule 100 mg/1 (Clinical Solutions Wholesale (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet, film coated, extended release 45 mg/1 (Pru Gen Pharmaceuticals (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet, film coated 75 mg/1 (Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet, extended release 90 mg/1 (Sandoz Inc (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride capsule 75 mg/1 (Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc. (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet 50 mg/1 (Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet, extended release 135 mg/1 (Lupin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet, film coated, extended release 90 mg/1 (Pru Gen Pharmaceuticals (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet, film coated 100 mg/1 (Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet 75 mg/1 (Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet, film coated, extended release 135 mg/1 (Pru Gen Pharmaceuticals (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet, extended release 45 mg/1 (Lupin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet 100 mg/1 (Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited (US)) | |
| Minocycline Hydrochloride tablet, film coated 50 mg/1 (Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited (US)) | |
List of Minocycline Hydrochloride substitutes (brand and generic names): | |
| Minac 50 (Switzerland) | |
| Minocycline Capsules | |
| Minocycline Extended Release Tablets | |
| Ranmino (Mexico) | |
References
- PubChem. "minocycline". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/com... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- DrugBank. "minocycline". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01017 (accessed September 17, 2018).
- MeSH. "Anti-Bacterial Agents". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68... (accessed September 17, 2018).
Reviews
The results of a survey conducted on ndrugs.com for Minocycline Hydrochloride are given in detail below. The results of the survey conducted are based on the impressions and views of the website users and consumers taking Minocycline Hydrochloride. We implore you to kindly base your medical condition or therapeutic choices on the result or test conducted by a physician or licensed medical practitioners.User reports
Consumer reported useful
No survey data has been collected yetConsumer reported price estimates
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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology
