• Phenazopyridine indications
• Uses of Phenazopyridine in details
• Phenazopyridine description
• Phenazopyridine dosage
• Phenazopyridine interactions
• Phenazopyridine side effects
• Phenazopyridine contraindications
• Trimethoprim indications
• Uses of Trimethoprim in details
• Trimethoprim description
• Trimethoprim dosage
• Trimethoprim interactions
• Trimethoprim side effects
• Trimethoprim contraindications

Consists of Phenazopyridine, Trimethoprim

What is Phenazopyridine?

Phenazopyridine is a pain reliever that affects the lower part of your urinary tract (bladder and urethra).

Phenazopyridine is used to treat pain, burning, increased urination, and increased urge to urinate. These symptoms are usually caused by infection, injury, surgery, catheter, or other conditions that irritate the lower urinary tract.

Phenazopyridine will treat the symptoms of a urinary tract infection, but this medication does not treat the actual infection. Take any antibiotic that your doctor prescribes to treat your infection.

Phenazopyridine may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Phenazopyridine indications

Phenazopyridine is indicated for the symptomatic relief of pain, burning, urgency, frequency, and other discomforts arising from irritation of the lower urinary tract mucosa caused by infection, trauma, surgery, endoscopic procedures, or the passage of sounds or catheters. The use of Phenazopyridine HCl for relief of symptoms should not delay definitive diagnosis and treatment of causative conditions. Because it provides only symptomatic relief, prompt appropriate treatment of the cause of pain must be instituted and Phenazopyridine HCl should be discontinued when symptoms are controlled.

The analgesic action may reduce or eliminate the need for systemic analgesics or narcotics. It is, however, compatible with antibacterial therapy and can help to relieve pain and discomfort during the interval before antibacterial therapy controls the infection. Treatment of a urinary tract infection with Phenazopyridine HCl should not exceed two days because there is a lack of evidence that the combined administration of Phenazopyridine HCl and an antibacterial provides greater benefit than administration of the antibacterial alone after two days.

How should I use Phenazopyridine?

Use phenazopyridine as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Take phenazopyridine by mouth after meals.
• Taking phenazopyridine at the same time(s) each day will help you remember to take it.
• If you miss a dose of phenazopyridine, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use phenazopyridine.

Uses of Phenazopyridine in details

This medication is used to relieve symptoms caused by irritation of the urinary tract such as pain, burning, and the feeling of needing to urinate urgently or frequently. This drug does not treat the cause of the urinary irritation, but it can help relieve the symptoms while other treatments take effect. Phenazopyridine is a dye that works as a painkiller to soothe the lining of the urinary tract.

How to use Phenazopyridine

Take this medication by mouth, usually 3 times daily after meals or as directed by your doctor. If you are taking this medication along with antibiotics for symptoms related to a urinary tract infection, or are self-treating, do not take it for more than 2 days without talking to your doctor.

Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to therapy.

Inform your doctor if your condition persists or worsens.

Phenazopyridine description

A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Phenazopyridine is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078)

Phenazopyridine dosage

Phenazopyridine Dosage

Generic name: PHENAZOPYRIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE 100mg

Dosage form: tablet, film coated

The information at Drugs.com is not a substitute for medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist.

100 mg Tablets: Average adult dosage is two tablets 3 times a day after meals.

200 mg Tablets: Average adult dosage is one tablet 3 times a day after meals.

When used concomitantly with an antibacterial agent for the treatment of a urinary tract infection, the administration of Phenazopyridine HCl should not exceed 2 days.

More about Phenazopyridine (phenazopyridine)

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Consumer resources

• Phenazopyridine
• Phenazopyridine (Advanced Reading)

• Other brands: Azo-Standard, Azo Urinary Pain Relief, Uristat, Uricalm, More (6) »

Professional resources

• Phenazopyridine (FDA)
• Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride (AHFS Monograph)

Related treatment guides

• Interstitial Cystitis
• Dysuria

Phenazopyridine interactions

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What other drugs will affect Phenazopyridine?

With the simultaneous use with inducers of microsomal liver enzymes, means having hepatotoxic effect, increasing the risk of hepatotoxic action of paracetamol.

With the simultaneous use of anticoagulants may be slight to moderate increase in prothrombin time.

With the simultaneous use of anticholinergics may decrease absorption of paracetamol.

With the simultaneous use of oral contraceptives accelerated excretion of paracetamol from the body and may reduce its analgesic action.

With the simultaneous use with urological means reduced their effectiveness.

With the simultaneous use of activated charcoal reduced bioavailability of paracetamol.

When Phenazopyridine applied simultaneously with diazepam may decrease excretion of diazepam.

There have been reports about the possibility of enhancing mielodepression effect of zidovudine while applying with paracetamol. A case of severe toxic liver injury.

Described cases of toxic effects of paracetamol, while the use of isoniazid.

When applied simultaneously with carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidonom decreases the effectiveness of paracetamol, which is caused by an increase in its metabolism and excretion from the body. Cases of hepatotoxicity, while the use of paracetamol and phenobarbital.

In applying cholestyramine a period of less than 1 h after administration of paracetamol may decrease of its absorption.

At simultaneous application with lamotrigine moderately increased excretion of lamotrigine from the body.

With the simultaneous use of metoclopramide may increase absorption of paracetamol and its increased concentration in blood plasma.

When applied simultaneously with probenecid may decrease clearance of paracetamol, with rifampicin, sulfinpyrazone - may increase clearance of paracetamol due to increasing its metabolism in the liver.

At simultaneous application of Phenazopyridine with ethinylestradiol increases absorption of paracetamol from the gut.

Enhances the effect of indirect anticoagulants (coumarin derivatives and indandione). Antipyretic and analgesic activity of caffeine increases, reduce - rifampicin, phenobarbital and alcohol (accelerated biotransformation, inducing microsomal liver enzymes).

Phenazopyridine side effects

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What are the possible side effects of Phenazopyridine?

Applies to phenazopyridine: oral kit, oral tablet

In addition to its needed effects, some unwanted effects may be caused by phenazopyridine (the active ingredient contained in Phenazopyridine). In the event that any of these side effects do occur, they may require medical attention.

Severity: Moderate

If any of the following side effects occur while taking phenazopyridine, check with your doctor or nurse as soon as possible:

Rare

• Blue or blue-purple color of skin
• fever and confusion
• shortness of breath, tightness in chest, wheezing, or troubled breathing
• skin rash
• sudden decrease in the amount of urine
• swelling of face, fingers, feet, and/or lower legs
• unusual tiredness or weakness
• weight gain
• yellow eyes or skin

Minor Side Effects

Some of the side effects that can occur with phenazopyridine may not need medical attention. As your body adjusts to the medicine during treatment these side effects may go away. Your health care professional may also be able to tell you about ways to reduce or prevent some of these side effects. If any of the following side effects continue, are bothersome or if you have any questions about them, check with your health care professional:

Less common or rare:

• Dizziness
• headache
• indigestion
• itching of the skin
• stomach cramps or pain

Phenazopyridine contraindications

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Phenazopyridine?

Do not take this medication if you are allergic to phenazopyridine, or if you have kidney disease.

Phenazopyridine will treat the symptoms of a urinary tract infection, but this medication does not treat the actual infection. Take any antibiotic that your doctor prescribes to treat your infection.

To avoid stomach upset, take phenazopyridine with food.

Phenazopyridine will most likely darken the color of your urine to an orange or red color. This is a normal effect and is not cause for alarm unless you have other symptoms such as pale or yellowed skin, fever, stomach pain, nausea, and vomiting. Darkened urine may also cause stains to your underwear, which may or may not be removed by laundering.

Phenazopyridine can also permanently stain soft contact lenses, and you should not wear them while taking this medicine.

Do not use phenazopyridine for longer than 2 days unless your doctor has told you to.

Stop taking this medication and call your doctor at once if you have pale skin, fever, confusion, yellowing of your skin or eyes, increased thirst, swelling, or if you urinate less than usual or not at all.

What is Trimethoprim?

Trimethoprim is used to treat infections of the urinary tract. It may also be used for other problems as determined by your doctor. It will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections.

Trimethoprim is available only with your doctor's prescription.

Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, trimethoprim is used in certain patients for the following medical conditions:

• Prevention of urinary tract infections
• Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)

For patients taking trimethoprim for prevention of urinary tract infections:

• Your doctor may have prescribed trimethoprim to prevent infections of the urinary tract. It is usually given once a day and may be given for a long time for this purpose. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.

Trimethoprim indications

Trimethoprim Solution is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below.

Pediatric Patients

Acute Otitis Media

For the treatment of acute otitis media due to susceptible strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.

NOTE: Moraxella catarrhalis isolates were found consistently resistant to trimethoprim in vitro.

Therefore, when infection with Moraxella catarrhalis is suspected, the use of alternative antimicrobial agents should be considered. Trimethoprim is not indicated for prophylactic or prolonged administration in otitis media at any age.

Adults

Urinary Tract Infections

For the treatment of initial episodes of uncomplicated urinary tract infections due to susceptible strains of the following organisms: Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter species and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species, including S. saprophyticus.

Cultures and susceptibility tests should be performed to determine the susceptibility of the bacteria to trimethoprim. Therapy may be initiated prior to obtaining the results of these tests.

How should I use Trimethoprim?

Use Trimethoprim as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Take Trimethoprim by mouth with or without food.
• Trimethoprim works best if it is taken at the same time each day.
• Use a measuring device marked for medicine dosing. Ask your pharmacist for help if you are unsure of how to measure your dose.
• To clear up your infection completely, use Trimethoprim for the full course of treatment. Keep using it even if you feel better in a few days.
• If you miss a dose of Trimethoprim, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Trimethoprim.

Uses of Trimethoprim in details

Use: Labeled Indications

Cystitis, acute uncomplicated, treatment (tablets, oral solution): Treatment of initial episodes of uncomplicated urinary tract infections due to susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter species and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species, including S. saprophyticus.

Otitis media, acute (oral solution): Treatment of acute otitis media in pediatric patients due to susceptible strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.

Off Label Uses

Acne vulgaris

Data from a limited number of controlled and noncontrolled trials suggest that trimethoprim may be beneficial for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Additional data may be necessary to further define the role of trimethoprim in this condition.

Based on the American Academy of Dermatology guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris, trimethoprim, in combination with topical therapy, may be considered as an alternative therapeutic option for the management of moderate and severe acne. However, use should be limited to patients who are unable to tolerate tetracycline antibiotics or patients with treatment-resistant acne. Concomitant topical therapy with benzoyl peroxide or a retinoid should be administered with systemic antibiotic therapy (eg, trimethoprim) and continued for maintenance after the antibiotic course is completed.

Cystitis, uncomplicated, prophylaxis for recurrent infection

Data from a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and 2 other studies suggest that trimethoprim may be beneficial in the prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in women with ≥2 episodes of infection in the previous year.

Pneumocystis pneumonia, treatment of mild to moderate infection

Based on the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents and the HHS Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections Among HIV-exposed and HIV-infected Children, trimethoprim (in combination with dapsone) is an effective and recommended alternative agent for the treatment of mild to moderate Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in HIV-infected patients.

Trimethoprim description

A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to pyrimethamine. The interference with folic acid metabolism may cause a depression of hematopoiesis. It is potentiated by sulfonamides and the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. Trimethoprim resistance has been reported. [PubChem]

Trimethoprim dosage

Trimethoprim Dosage

Generic name: trimethoprim

Dosage form: Tablets

The information at Drugs.com is not a substitute for medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist.

The usual oral adult dosage is 100 mg of Trimethoprim every 12 hours or 200 mg Trimethoprim every 24 hours, each for 10 days. The use of trimethoprim in patients with a creatinine clearance of less than 15 mL/min is not recommended. For patients with a creatinine clearance of 15 to 30 mL/min, the dose should be 50 mg every 12 hours.

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• Other brands: Trimpex, Trimethoprim

Professional resources

• Trimethoprim (FDA)
• Trimethoprim (AHFS Monograph)

Related treatment guides

• Bladder Infection
• Otitis Media
• Pneumocystis Pneumonia
• Prevention of Bladder infection
• Urinary Tract Infection

Trimethoprim interactions

See also:
What other drugs will affect Trimethoprim?

Trimethoprim may inhibit the hepatic metabolism of phenytoin. Trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet), given at a common clinical dosage, increased the phenytoin half-life by 51% and decreased the phenytoin metabolic clearance rate by 30%. When administering these drugs concurrently, one should be alert for possible excessive phenytoin effect.

Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions

Trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet) can interfere with a serum methotrexate assay as determined by the Competitive Binding Protein Technique (CBPA) when a bacterial dihydrofolate reductase is used as the binding protein. No interference occurs, however, if methotrexate is measured by a radioimmunoassay (RIA). The presence of trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet) may also interfere with the Jaffé alkaline picrate reaction assay for creatinine resulting in over estimations of about 10% in the range of normal values.

Trimethoprim side effects

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Trimethoprim?

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact FSC Laboratories, Inc. at 1-866-764- 7822, or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Adverse Events Reported During Pediatric Clinical Trials With Trimethoprim

The following table lists those drug-related adverse events reported most frequently during the clinical trials in pediatric patients aged 6 months to 12 years. Most of these events were determined to be mild. The incidence of drug-related adverse events was significantly lower for Trimethoprim, which was most apparent for those events related to skin/appendages as a body system.

Drug-related Adverse Event	Percent of Pediatric Patients
Trimethoprim (N=310)	SMX + TMP* (N=197)
Body as a whole
abdominal pain	< 1	2.5
Digestive system
diarrhea	4.2	4.6
vomiting	1.6	1.5
Skin/Appendages
rash	1.3	6.1
* sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim oral suspension

An increase in lymphocytes and eosinophils was noted in some pediatric patients following treatment with Trimethoprim or sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim oral suspension.

Adverse Reactions Reported For Trimethoprim

In addition to the adverse events listed above which have been observed in pediatric patients receiving Trimethoprim, the following adverse reactions and altered laboratory tests have been previously reported for trimethoprim and therefore, may occur with Trimethoprim therapy:

Dermatologic reactions: pruritus and exfoliative dermatitis. At the recommended adult dosage regimens of 100 mg b.i.d., or 200 mg q.d., each for 10 days, the incidence of rash is 2.9% to 6.7%. In clinical studies which employed high doses of trimethoprim in adults, an elevated incidence of rash was noted. These rashes were maculopapular, morbilliform, pruritic and generally mild to moderate, appearing 7 to 14 days after the initiation of therapy.

Gastrointestinal reactions: Epigastric distress, nausea, and glossitis.

Hematologic reactions: Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, neutropenia, megaloblastic anemia and methemoglobinemia.

Metabolic reactions: Hyperkalemia, hyponatremia.

Miscellaneous reactions: Fever, elevation of serum transaminase and bilirubin, and increases in BUN and serum creatinine levels.

Trimethoprim contraindications

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Trimethoprim?

Trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet) tablets are contraindicated in individuals hypersensitive to trimethoprim (trimethoprim (trimethoprim tablet) tablet) and in those with documented megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency.

Active ingredient matches for Phenazopyridine/Trimethoprim:

Phenazopyridine/Trimethoprim

List of Phenazopyridine/Trimethoprim substitutes (brand and generic names)	Sort by popularity
Unit description / dosage (Manufacturer)	Price, USD
Carmurit T (Egypt)
Uro Teraprodil (Paraguay)

References

1. DailyMed. "POLYMYXIN B SULFATE; TRIMETHOPRIM SULFATE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
2. PubChem. "trimethoprim". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/com... (accessed September 17, 2018).
3. PubChem. "phenazopyridine". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/com... (accessed September 17, 2018).

Reviews

The results of a survey conducted on ndrugs.com for Phenazopyridine/Trimethoprim are given in detail below. The results of the survey conducted are based on the impressions and views of the website users and consumers taking Phenazopyridine/Trimethoprim. We implore you to kindly base your medical condition or therapeutic choices on the result or test conducted by a physician or licensed medical practitioners.

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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology