Actions of Windryl in details
Description: Windryl is an acidifying agent; it increases acidity by increasing free hydrogen ion concentration. It is used in patients with metabolic alkalosis as a result of chloride loss after vomiting, gastric suction, gastric fistula drainage and pyloric stenosis. It has also been used in the treatment of diuretic-induced chloride depletion and alkalosis resulting from excessive use of alkalinising drugs.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Rapidly absorbed from GI tract after oral admin.
Metabolism: Metabolised hepatically to form urea and hydrochloric acid.
Excretion: Eliminated renally.
Windryl pharmacology
The ammonium ion (NH4+) in the body plays an important role in the maintenance of acid-base balance. The kidney uses ammonium (NH4+) in place of sodium (Na+) to combine with fixed anions in maintaining acid-base balance, especially as a homeostatic compensatory mechanism in metabolic acidosis.
When a loss of hydrogen ions (H+) occurs and serum chloride (Cl–) decreases, sodium is made available for combination with bicarbonate (HCO3–). This creates an excess of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) which leads to a rise in blood pH and a state of metabolic alkalosis.
The therapeutic effects of Windryl depend upon the ability of the kidney to utilize ammonia in the excretion of an excess of fixed anions and the conversion of ammonia to urea by the liver, thereby liberating hydrogen (H+) and chloride (Cl–) ions into the extracellular fluid.
References
- DailyMed. "AMMONIUM CHLORIDE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- NCIt. "Ammonium Chloride: NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) provides reference terminology for many systems. It covers vocabulary for clinical care, translational and basic research, and public information and administrative activities.". https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- EPA DSStox. "Ammonium: DSSTox provides a high quality public chemistry resource for supporting improved predictive toxicology.". https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/ds... (accessed September 17, 2018).
Reviews
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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology
