• Isokin - 300 indications
• Uses of Isokin - 300 in details
• Isokin - 300 description
• Isokin - 300 dosage
• Isokin - 300 interactions
• Isokin - 300 side effects
• Isokin - 300 contraindications

What is Isokin - 300?

Isokin - 300 is an antibiotic that fights bacteria.

Isokin - 300 is used to treat and to prevent tuberculosis (TB). You may need to take other TB medicines in combination with Isokin - 300.

When treating active TB, Isokin - 300 must be used with other TB medicines. Tuberculosis can become resistant to treatment if Isokin - 300 is used alone. Take all your medicines as prescribed by your doctor.

Isokin - 300 may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Isokin - 300 indications

Isokin - 300 Tablets, USP are recommended for all forms of tuberculosis in which organisms are susceptible. However, active tuberculosis must be treated with multiple concomitant anti-tuberculosis medications to prevent the emergence of drug resistance. Single-drug treatment of active tuberculosis with Isokin - 300 or any other medication, is inadequate therapy.

Isokin - 300 Tablets, USP are recommended as preventive therapy for the following groups, regardless of age. (Note: the criterion for a positive reaction to a skin test (in millimeters of induration) for each group is given in parenthesis):

1.

Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (greater than or equal to 5 mm) and persons with risk factors for HIV infection whose HIV infection status is unknown but who are suspected of having HIV infection. Preventive therapy may be considered for HIV infected persons who are tuberculin-negative but belong to groups in which the prevalence of tuberculosis infection is high. Candidates for preventive therapy who have HIV infection should have a minimum of 12 months of therapy.

2.

Close contacts of persons with newly diagnosed infectious tuberculosis (greater than or equal to 5 mm). In addition, tuberculin-negative (less than 5 mm) children and adolescents who have been close contacts of infectious persons within the past 3 months are candidates for preventive therapy until a repeat tuberculin skin test is done 12 weeks after contact with the infectious source. If the repeat skin test is positive (greater than 5 mm), therapy should be continued.

3.

Recent converters, as indicated by a tuberculin skin test (greater than or equal to 10 mm increase within a 2-year period for those less than 35 years old; greater than or equal to 15 mm increase for those greater than or equal to 35 years of age). All infants and children younger than 4 years of age with a greater than 10 mm skin test are included in this category.

4.

Persons with abnormal chest radiographs that show fibrotic lesions likely to represent old healed tuberculosis (greater than or equal to 5 mm). Candidates for preventive therapy who have fibrotic pulmonary lesions consistent with healed tuberculosis or who have pulmonary silicosis should have 12 months of Isokin - 300 or 4 months of Isokin - 300 and rifampin, concomitantly.

5.

Intravenous drug users known to be HIV-seronegative (greater than 10 mm).

6.

Persons with the following medical conditions that have been reported to increase the risk of tuberculosis (greater than or equal to 10 mm): silicosis; diabetes mellitus; prolonged therapy with adrenocorticosteroids; immunosuppressive therapy; some hematologic and reticuloendothelial diseases, such as leukemia or Hodgkin's disease; end-stage renal disease; clinical situations associated with substantial rapid weight loss or chronic undernutrition (including: intestinal bypass surgery for obesity, the postgastrectomy state [with or without weight loss], chronic peptic ulcer disease, chronic malabsorption syndromes and carcinomas of the oropharynx and upper gastrointestinal tract that prevent adequate nutritional intake). Candidates for preventive therapy who have fibrotic pulmonary lesions consistent with healed tuberculosis or who have pulmonary silicosis should have 12 months of Isokin - 300 or 4 months of Isokin - 300 and rifampin, concomitantly.

Additionally, in the absence of any of the above risk factors, persons under the age of 35 with a tuberculin skin test reaction of 10 mm or more are also appropriate candidates for preventive therapy if they are a member of any of the following high-incidence groups:

1.

Foreign-born persons from high-prevalence countries who never received BCG vaccine.

2.

Medically underserved low-income populations, including high-risk racial or ethnic minority populations, especially blacks, Hispanics and Native Americans.

3.

Residents of facilities for long-term care (e.g., correctional institutions, nursing homes and mental institutions).

Children who are less than 4 years old are candidates for Isokin - 300 preventive therapy if they have greater than 10 mm induration from a PPD Mantoux tuberculin skin test.

Finally, persons under the age of 35 who a) have none of the above risk factors (1 to 6); b) belong to none of the high-incidence groups; and c) have a tuberculin skin test reaction of 15 mm or more, are appropriate candidates for preventive therapy.

The risk of hepatitis must be weighed against the risk of tuberculosis in positive tuberculin reactors over the age of 35. However, the use of Isokin - 300 is recommended for those with the additional risk factors listed above (1 to 6) and on an individual basis in situations where there is likelihood of serious consequences to contacts who may become infected.

How should I use Isokin - 300?

Use Isokin - 300 syrup as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Take Isokin - 300 syrup by mouth on an empty stomach at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating.
• If you also take an antacid, take Isokin - 300 syrup at least 1 hour before you take the antacid.
• Use a measuring device marked for medicine dosing. Ask your pharmacist for help if you are unsure of how to measure your dose.
• Continue to take Isokin - 300 syrup even if you feel well. Do not miss any doses.
• If you miss a dose of Isokin - 300 syrup, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Isokin - 300 syrup.

Uses of Isokin - 300 in details

Isokin - 300 is used with other medications to treat active tuberculosis (TB) infections. It is also used alone to prevent active TB infections in people who may be infected with the bacteria (people with positive TB skin test). Isokin - 300 is an antibiotic and works by stopping the growth of bacteria.

This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Unnecessary use or misuse of any antibiotic can lead to its decreased effectiveness.

How to use Isokin - 300

Take this medication by mouth on an empty stomach (1 hour before or 2 hours after meals) as directed by your doctor. If you are using the liquid form of this medication, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose.

If you also take antacids that contain aluminum, take this medication at least 1 hour before the antacid.

Dosage is based on your age, weight, medical condition, and response to treatment.

Antibiotics work best when the amount of medicine in your body is kept at a constant level. Therefore, take this drug at evenly spaced intervals. If you are taking this medication daily, take it at the same time each day. If you are taking this medication on a weekly schedule, take it on the same day(s) of the week and at the same time each day. Mark the days on the calendar when you need to take the medication.

Continue to take this medication (and other TB medications) until the full prescribed amount is finished, even if symptoms disappear. Stopping the medication too early or skipping doses may allow the bacteria to continue to grow, which may result in a return of the infection and cause the infection to be more difficult to treat (resistant).

Your doctor may also direct you to take vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to help prevent certain side effects (such as nerve problems) from Isokin - 300. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully.

Isokin - 300 may interact with foods containing tyramine/histamine (such as cheese, red wine, certain types of fish). This interaction may cause increased blood pressure, flushing of the skin, headache, dizziness, or fast/pounding heartbeat. Tell your doctor right away if any of these symptoms occur. Your doctor may recommend that you follow a special diet while taking this medication. Consult your doctor for more details.

Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens.

Isokin - 300 description

An antiepileptic agent related to the barbiturates; it is partly metabolized to phenobarbital in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite. Adverse effects are reported to be more frequent than with phenobarbital. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p309)

Isokin - 300 dosage

Isokin - 300 Dosage

Applies to the following strength(s): 100 mg/mL; 100 mg; 300 mg; 50 mg/5 mL

The information at Drugs.com is not a substitute for medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Usual Adult Dose for:

• Tuberculosis - Active
• Tuberculosis - Prophylaxis
• Mycobacterium kansasii

Usual Pediatric Dose for:

• Tuberculosis - Active
• Tuberculosis - Latent

Additional dosage information:

• Renal Dose Adjustments
• Liver Dose Adjustments
• Dose Adjustments
• Precautions
• Dialysis
• Other Comments

Usual Adult Dose for Tuberculosis - Active

Active infection: 5 mg/kg (up to 300 mg) IM or orally once a day, or 15 mg/kg (up to 900 mg) 2 to 3 times a week. Therapy is usually continued for 6 months, or 3 months beyond culture conversion (when given with rifampin and pyrazinamide).

Latent infection: 10-20 mg/kg/day orally once a day, not to exceed 300 mg/day

If Isokin - 300 and pyrazinamide are used alone, Isokin - 300 should be continued for 9 months. If the patient is HIV-positive, therapy should be continued for at least 9 months, or for 6 months beyond culture conversion. Longer duration of therapy should be considered for silico-, bone, and meningeal tuberculosis.

Usual Adult Dose for Tuberculosis - Prophylaxis

300 mg orally once a day or 900 mg orally 2 to 3 times a week. Isokin - 300 should be continued for 6 months to prevent the development of active tuberculosis in patients with no complicating factors. Patients with complicating factors such as HIV infection, diabetes, hematologic malignancy, or scars on chest X-ray should receive prophylaxis for 12 months.

Usual Adult Dose for Mycobacterium kansasii

600 to 900 mg IM or orally once a day.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Tuberculosis - Active

Oral, IM:

Infants, Children 40 kg or less, and Adolescents 14 years or less and less than 40 kg:

Treatment of active infection: CDC Recommendations: 10 to 15 mg/kg/day once daily (maximum dose: 300 mg/day) or 20 to 30 mg/kg/dose (maximum dose: 900 mg/day) 2 times weekly as part of a multidrug regimen.

Treatment of latent infection: 10 to 20 mg/kg/day once daily (maximum dose: 300 mg/day) or 20 to 40 mg/kg/dose (maximum dose: 900 mg/day) 2 times weekly. Treatment duration: 9 months.

Primary prophylaxis for TB in HIV-exposed positive patients: 10 to 15 mg/kg/day once daily (maximum dose: 300 mg/day) or 20 to 30 mg/kg/dose twice weekly (maximum dose: 900 mg/day). Treatment duration: 9 months.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Tuberculosis - Latent

Oral, IM:

Infants, Children 40 kg or less, and Adolescents 14 years or less and less than 40 kg:

Treatment of active infection: CDC Recommendations: 10 to 15 mg/kg/day once daily (maximum dose: 300 mg/day) or 20 to 30 mg/kg/dose (maximum dose: 900 mg/day) 2 times weekly as part of a multidrug regimen.

Treatment of latent infection: 10 to 20 mg/kg/day once daily (maximum dose: 300 mg/day) or 20 to 40 mg/kg/dose (maximum dose: 900 mg/day) 2 times weekly. Treatment duration: 9 months.

Primary prophylaxis for TB in HIV-exposed positive patients: 10 to 15 mg/kg/day once daily (maximum dose: 300 mg/day) or 20 to 30 mg/kg/dose twice weekly (maximum dose: 900 mg/day). Treatment duration: 9 months.

Renal Dose Adjustments

CrCl less than 10 mL/min: Reduce dose by 50%.

Liver Dose Adjustments

If liver function tests exceed 3 to 5 times the upper limit of baseline, discontinue use of Isokin - 300 therapy and monitor until liver function tests return to baseline. Symptoms of liver toxicity include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dark urine, icterus, rash, persistent paresthesias of the hands and feet, persistent fatigue, weakness or fever greater than 3 days duration, and right upper quadrant abdominal tenderness.

Isokin - 300 therapy may be reinstituted when liver function tests return to baseline and symptoms of toxicity resolve.

Dose Adjustments

The dose should be reduced in severe hepatic disease.

Precautions

Severe and sometimes fatal hepatitis associated with Isokin - 300 therapy may occur or develop after months of treatment. There were 8 deaths among 174 cases of hepatitis reported among 13,838 persons taking Isokin - 300. The risk is age related with a greater occurrence reported in patients who are 35 years or older. The risk of hepatitis is also increased in patients who consume alcohol daily, in women, and in minorities. Monthly monitoring and interviewing of patients should take place. Baseline laboratory values should be obtained in patients over 35 years of age and in patients with a history of liver illness or heavy alcohol consumption. Elevated liver function tests per se are not a contraindication to the use of Isokin - 300 unless they indicate worsening or acute liver disease. Strict monitoring of these patients, however, is crucial. If liver function tests exceed 3 to 5 times the upper limit of baseline, Isokin - 300 therapy should be discontinued and liver function tests should be monitored until baseline is achieved. Isokin - 300 therapy may be reinstituted when liver function tests return to baseline and symptoms of toxicity resolve. Symptoms of liver toxicity include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dark urine, icterus, rash, persistent paresthesias of the hands and feet, persistent fatigue, weakness or fever greater than 3 days duration, and right upper quadrant abdominal tenderness. Patients should be fully informed regarding the risk of hepatotoxicity associated with Isokin - 300, educated about the signs and symptoms of liver damage, and instructed to contact their physician immediately if they develop signs or symptoms.

Patients with tuberculosis who have hepatitis attributed to Isokin - 300 should be administered appropriate treatment with alternative drugs. If Isokin - 300 must be reinstated, it should be reinstituted only after symptoms and laboratory abnormalities have resolved. Isokin - 300 be restarted in very small and gradually increasing doses and should be withdrawn immediately if there is any indication of recurrent liver involvement.

Preventive therapy should be deferred in persons with acute hepatic diseases.

All drugs should be stopped and an evaluation conducted at the first sign of a hypersensitivity reaction. If Isokin - 300 treatment must be reinstituted, it should be given only after symptoms have cleared. Isokin - 300 should be restarted in very small and gradually increasing doses and should be withdrawn immediately if there is any indication of recurrent hypersensitivity reaction.

Isokin - 300 should be carefully monitored in patients with the following: severe renal dysfunction, concurrent use of any chronically administered medication, history of previous discontinuation of Isokin - 300, existence of peripheral neuropathy or conditions predisposing to neuropathy, injection drug use, HIV seropositive patients, pregnancy, and women belonging to a minority group, especially during the postpartum period.

Continuous administration of Isokin - 300 for a sufficient period of time is an essential part of the regimen because relapse rates are higher if chemotherapy is stopped prematurely. In the treatment of tuberculosis, resistant organisms may multiply and their emergence during the treatment may necessitate a change in the regimen.

Dialysis

Isokin - 300 is dialyzable (50% to 100%) by hemodialysis.

Other Comments

Pyridoxine, 50 mg orally once a day, may be administered with Isokin - 300 to prevent the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy.

More about Isokin - 300

• Side Effects
• During Pregnancy or Breastfeeding
• Dosage Information
• Drug Images
• Drug Interactions
• Support Group
• Pricing & Coupons
• En Espanol
• 10 Reviews - Add your own review/rating

Consumer resources

• Isokin - 300
• Isokin - 300 syrup
• Isokin - 300 tablets
• Isokin - 300

  Oral,

  Intramuscular (Advanced Reading)

• Other brands: Isokin - 300

Professional resources

• Isokin - 300 (AHFS Monograph)
• More (5) »

Related treatment guides

• Tuberculosis, Latent
• Tuberculosis, Prophylaxis
• Mycobacterium kansasii
• Tuberculosis, Active

Isokin - 300 interactions

See also:
What other drugs will affect Isokin - 300?

Food: Isokin - 300 SA should not be administered with food. Studies have shown that the bioavailability of Isokin - 300 is reduced significantly when administered with food.

Acetaminophen: A report of severe acetaminophen toxicity was reported in a patient receiving Isokin - 300 SA. It is believed that the toxicity may have resulted from a previously unrecognized interaction between Isokin - 300 and acetaminophen and a molecular basis for this interaction has been proposed. However, current evidence suggests that Isokin - 300 does induce P-450IIE1, a mixed-function oxidase enzyme that appears to generate the toxic metabolites, in the liver. Furthermore it has been proposed that Isokin - 300 resulted In induction of P-450IIE1 in the patients liver which, in turn, resulted in a greater proportion of the ingested acetaminophen being converted to the toxic metabolites. Studies have demonstrated that pretreatment with Isokin - 300 potentiates a cetaminophen hepatoxicity in rats.

Carbamazepine: Isokin - 300 SA is known to slow the metabolism of carbamazepine and increase its serum levels Carbamazepine levels should be determined prior to concurrent administration with Isokin - 300, signs and symptoms of carbamazepine toxicity should be monitored closely, and appropriate dosage adjustment of the anticonvulsant should be made.

Ketoconazole: Potential interaction of Ketoconazole and Isokin - 300 SA may exist. When Ketoconazole is given in combination with Isokin - 300 and rifampin the AUC of ketoconazole is decreased by as much as 88% after 5 months of concurrent Isokin - 300 SA and Rifampin therapy.

Phenytoin: Isokin - 300 SA may increase serum levels of phenytoin. To avoid phenytoin intoxication, appropriate adjustment of the anticonvulsant should be made.

Therophylline: A recent study has shown that concomitan administration of Isokin - 300 and theophylline may cause elevated plasma levels of theophylline, and in some instances a slight decrease in the elimination of Isokin - 300. Since the therapeutic range of theophylline is narrow theophylline serum levels should be monitored closely, and appropriate dosage adjustments of theophylline should be made.

Valproate: A recent case study has shown a possible increase in the plasma level of valproate when co administered with Isokin - 300. Plasma valproate concentration should be monitored when Isokin - 300 and valproate are co administered, and appropriate dosage adjustments of valproate should be made.

Isokin - 300 side effects

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Isokin - 300?

Applies to Isokin - 300: solution, syrup, tablet

As well as its needed effects, Isokin - 300 (the active ingredient contained in Isokin - 300) may cause unwanted side effects that require medical attention.

Major Side Effects

If any of the following side effects occur while taking Isokin - 300, check with your doctor immediately:

More common:

• Clumsiness or unsteadiness
• dark urine
• loss of appetite
• nausea or vomiting
• numbness, tingling, burning, or pain in hands and feet
• unusual tiredness or weakness
• yellow eyes or skin

• Blurred vision or loss of vision, with or without eye pain
• convulsions (seizures)
• fever and sore throat
• joint pain
• mental depression
• mood or other mental changes
• skin rash
• unusual bleeding or bruising

Minor Side Effects

Some Isokin - 300 side effects may not need any medical attention. As your body gets used to the medicine these side effects may disappear. Your health care professional may be able to help you prevent or reduce these side effects, but do check with them if any of the following side effects continue, or if you are concerned about them:

More common:

• Diarrhea
• stomach pain

• Irritation at the place of injection

Dark urine and yellowing of the eyes or skin (signs of liver problems) are more likely to occur in patients over 50 years of age.

Isokin - 300 contraindications

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Isokin - 300?

Take all of the Isokin - 300 that has been prescribed for you even if you begin to feel better. Your symptoms may begin to improve before the infection is completely treated.

Avoid alcohol while taking Isokin - 300. Alcohol may increase the risk of damage to the liver during Isokin - 300 treatment.

Contact your doctor immediately if you experience numbness or tingling in the hands or feet, weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, yellowing of the skin or eyes, or darkening of the urine.

Active ingredient matches for Isokin - 300:

Isoniazid

References

1. DailyMed. "ISONIAZID; RIFAMPIN: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
2. PubChem. "isoniazid". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/com... (accessed September 17, 2018).
3. DrugBank. "isoniazid". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00951 (accessed September 17, 2018).

Reviews

User reports

Consumer reviews

Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology