Tobramycetin Uses

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What is Tobramycetin?

Tobramycetin is an aminoglycoside (ah-meen-oh-GLY-ko-side) antibiotic. Tobramycetin fights infections that are caused by bacteria.

Tobramycetin inhalation is inhaled into the lungs using a nebulizer. Tobramycetin inhalation is used to treat lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Tobramycetin inhalation is for use in adults and children who are at least 6 years old.

Tobramycetin inhalation may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Tobramycetin indications

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To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Tobramycetin injection and other antibacterial drugs, Tobramycetin injection should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.

Tobramycetin injection is indicated for the treatment of serious bacterial infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the diseases listed below:

Septicemia in the pediatric patient and adult caused by P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and Klebsiella sp.

Lower respiratory tract infections caused by P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella sp, Enterobacter sp, Serratia sp, E. coli, and S. aureus (penicillinase and non-penicillinase-producing strains).

Serious central nervous system infections (meningitis) caused by susceptible organisms.

Intra-abdominal infections, including peritonitis, caused by E. coli, Klebsiella sp, and Enterobacter sp.

Skin, bone and skin-structure infections caused by P. aeruginosa, Proteus sp, E. coli, Klebsiella sp, Enterobacter sp, and S. aureus.

Complicated and recurrent urinary tract infections caused by P. aeruginosa, Proteus sp (indole-positive and indole-negative), E. coli, Klebsiella sp, Enterobacter sp, Serratia sp, S. aureus, Providencia sp, and Citrobacter sp.

Aminoglycosides, including Tobramycetin, are not indicated in uncomplicated initial episodes of urinary tract infections unless the causative organisms are not susceptible to antibiotics having less potential toxicity. Tobramycetin may be considered in serious staphylococcal infections when penicillin or other potentially less toxic drugs are contraindicated and when bacterial susceptibility testing and clinical judgment indicate its use.

Bacterial cultures should be obtained prior to and during treatment to isolate and identify etiologic organisms and to test their susceptibility to Tobramycetin. If susceptibility tests show that the causative organisms are resistant to Tobramycetin, other appropriate therapy should be instituted. In patients in whom a serious life-threatening gram-negative infection is suspected, including those in whom concurrent therapy with a penicillin or cephalosporin and an aminoglycoside may be indicated, treatment with Tobramycetin sulfate may be initiated before the results of susceptibility studies are obtained. The decision to continue therapy with Tobramycetin should be based on the results of susceptibility studies, the severity of the infection, and the important additional concepts discussed in the WARNINGS box above.

How should I use Tobramycetin?

Use Tobramycetin ointment as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Tobramycetin ointment.

Uses of Tobramycetin in details

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Use: Labeled Indications

Cystic fibrosis: Management of cystic fibrosis in adults and pediatric patients ≥6 years of age with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Limitations of use: Safety and efficacy have not been demonstrated in patients with FEV <25% or >75% predicted (Tobramycetin; Tobramycetin), or in patients colonized with Burkholderia cepacia.

Off Label Uses

Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis

According to a national consensus summary and international guidelines, aerosolized Tobramycetin should not be used for the treatment and prevention of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Aerosolized antibiotics may be considered in patients who have experienced 3 or more exacerbations requiring antibiotic therapy per year; organism sensitivity should be considered when choosing an antibiotic. The risk of adverse events, cost of therapy, and patient status should be considered prior to initiating aerosolized Tobramycetin because the efficacy of aerosolized Tobramycetin in the treatment of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis has not been well documented.

Tobramycetin description

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An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the pseudomonas species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, nebramycin, produced by the same species. [PubChem]

Tobramycetin dosage

Tobramycetin Dosage

Generic name: Tobramycetin 300mg in 5mL

Dosage form: inhalation solution

The information at Drugs.com is not a substitute for medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Dosing Information

Administration of Tobramycetin Inhalation Solution

Each dose of Tobramycetin inhalation solution is administered by oral inhalation using only the co-packaged PARI LC PLUS Reusable Nebulizer (Model No. 022B81-T) included in the Tobramycetin, along with a DeVilbiss Pulmo-Aide air compressor (Model No. 5650D).

Tobramycetin inhalation solution is not for subcutaneous, intravenous or intrathecal administration.

Prior to administration, read the Patient Information/Instructions for Use for Tobramycetin for detailed information on how to use Tobramycetin and follow the manufacturer's instructions for use and care of the DeVilbiss Pulmo-Aide air compressor.

The entire Tobramycetin inhalation solution treatment should take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Continue treatment until all the Tobramycetin inhalation solution has been delivered, and there is no longer any mist being produced.

Tobramycetin inhalation solution should not be diluted or mixed with other drugs including dornase alfa (Pulmozyme®) in the nebulizer. Instruct patients on multiple therapies to take their medications prior to inhaling the Tobramycetin inhalation solution, or as directed by their physician.

Tobramycetin inhalation solution should not be used if it is cloudy, if there are particles in the solution, or if it has been stored at room temperature for more than 28 days.

More about Tobramycetin (Tobramycetin)

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Tobramycetin interactions

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What other drugs will affect Tobramycetin?

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No clinical drug interaction studies have been performed with Tobramycetin. In clinical studies, patients receiving Tobramycetin continued to take dornase alfa, bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids, and macrolides. No clinical signs of drug interactions with these medicines were identified.

Concurrent and/or sequential use of Tobramycetin with other drugs with neurotoxic, nephrotoxic, or ototoxic potential should be avoided.

Some diuretics can enhance aminoglycoside toxicity by altering antibiotic concentrations in serum and tissue. Tobramycetin should not be administered concomitantly with ethacrynic acid, furosemide, urea, or intravenous mannitol. The interaction between inhaled mannitol and Tobramycetin has not been evaluated.

Tobramycetin side effects

See also:
What are the possible side effects of Tobramycetin?

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Tobramycetin has been evaluated for safety in 425 cystic fibrosis patients exposed to at least one dose of Tobramycetin, including 273 patients who were exposed across three cycles (6 months) of treatment. Each cycle consisted of 28 days on-treatment (with 112 mg administered twice-daily) and 28 days off-treatment. Patients with serum creatinine ≥2 mg/dL and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ≥40 mg/dL were excluded from clinical studies. There were 218 males and 207 females in this population, and reflecting the cystic fibrosis population in the U.S., the vast majority of patients were Caucasian. There were 221 patients ≥20 years old, 121 patients ≥13 to <20 years old, and 83 patients ≥6 to <13 years old. There were 239 patients with screening FEV1 % predicted ≥50%, 156 patients with screening FEV1 % predicted <50%, and 30 patients with missing FEV1 % predicted.

The primary safety population reflects patients from Study 1, an open-label study comparing Tobramycetin with Tobramycetin (Tobramycetin inhalation solution, USP) over three cycles of 4 weeks on treatment followed by 4 weeks off treatment. Randomization, in a planned 3:2 ratio, resulted in 308 patients treated with Tobramycetin and 209 patients treated with Tobramycetin. For both the Tobramycetin and Tobramycetin groups, mean exposure to medication for each cycle was 28 to 29 days. The mean age for both arms was between 25 and 26 years old. The mean baseline FEV1 % predicted for both arms was 53%.

Table 1 displays adverse drug reactions reported by at least 2% of Tobramycetin patients in Study 1, inclusive of all cycles (on and off treatment). Adverse drug reactions are listed according to MedDRA system organ class and sorted within system organ class group in descending order of frequency.

Table 1: Adverse Reactions Reported in Study 1 (Occurring in ≥2% of Tobramycetin Patients)
1This includes adverse events of pulmonary or cystic fibrosis exacerbations
Primary System Organ Class

Preferred Term

Tobramycetin

N=308

%

Tobramycetin

N=209

%

Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders
Cough 48.4 31.1
Lung disorder1 33.8 30.1
Productive cough 18.2 19.6
Dyspnea 15.6 12.4
Oropharyngeal pain 14.0 10.5
Dysphonia 13.6 3.8
Hemoptysis 13.0 12.4
Nasal congestion 8.1 7.2
Rales 7.1 6.2
Wheezing 6.8 6.2
Chest discomfort 6.5 2.9
Throat irritation 4.5 1.9
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea 7.5 9.6
Vomiting 6.2 5.7
Diarrhea 4.2 1.9
Dysgeusia 3.9 0.5
Infections and infestations
Upper respiratory tract infection 6.8 8.6
Investigations
Pulmonary function test decreased 6.8 8.1
Forced expiratory volume decreased 3.9 1.0
Blood glucose increased 2.9 0.5
Vascular disorders
Epistaxis 2.6 1.9
Nervous system disorders
Headache 11.4 12.0
General disorders and administration site conditions
Pyrexia 15.6 12.4
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Musculoskeletal chest pain 4.5 4.8
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Rash 2.3 2.4

Adverse drug reactions that occurred in <2% of patients treated with Tobramycetin in Study 1 were: bronchospasm (Tobramycetin 1.6%, Tobramycetin 0.5%); deafness including deafness unilateral (reported as mild to moderate hearing loss or increased hearing loss) (Tobramycetin 1.0%, Tobramycetin 0.5%); and tinnitus (Tobramycetin 1.9%, Tobramycetin 2.4%).

Discontinuations in Study 1 were higher in the Tobramycetin arm compared to Tobramycetin (27% Tobramycetin versus 18% Tobramycetin). This was driven primarily by discontinuations due to adverse events (14% Tobramycetin versus 8% Tobramycetin). Higher rates of discontinuation were seen in subjects ≥20 years old and those with baseline FEV1 % predicted <50%.

Respiratory related hospitalizations occurred in 24% of the patients in the Tobramycetin arm and 22% of the patients in the Tobramycetin arm. There was an increased new usage of antipseudomonal medication in the Tobramycetin arm (65% Tobramycetin versus 55% Tobramycetin). This included oral antibiotics in 55% of Tobramycetin patients and 40% of Tobramycetin patients and intravenous antibiotics in 35% of Tobramycetin patients and 33% of Tobramycetin patients. Median time to first antipseudomonal usage was 89 days in the Tobramycetin arm and 112 days in the Tobramycetin arm.

The supportive safety population reflects patients from two studies: Study 2, a double-blind, placebo-controlled design for the first treatment cycle, followed by all patients receiving Tobramycetin (replaced placebo) for two additional cycles, and Study 3, a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for one treatment cycle only. Placebo in these studies was inhaled powder without the active ingredient, Tobramycetin. The patient population for these studies was much younger than in Study 1 (mean age 13 years old).

Adverse drug reactions reported more frequently by Tobramycetin patients in the placebo-controlled cycle (Cycle 1) of Study 2, which included 46 Tobramycetin and 49 placebo patients, were:

Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders

Pharyngolaryngeal pain (Tobramycetin 10.9%, placebo 0%); dysphonia (Tobramycetin 4.3%, placebo 0%)

Gastrointestinal disorders

Dysgeusia (Tobramycetin 6.5%, placebo 2.0%)

Adverse drug reactions reported more frequently by Tobramycetin patients in Study 3, which included 30 Tobramycetin and 32 placebo patients, were:

Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders

Cough (Tobramycetin 10%, placebo 0%)

Ear and labyrinth disorders

Hypoacusis (Tobramycetin 10%, placebo 6.3%)

Audiometric Assessment

In Study 1, audiology testing was performed in a subset of approximately 25% of Tobramycetin (n=78) and Tobramycetin (n=45) patients. Using the criteria for either ear of ≥10 dB loss at two consecutive frequencies, ≥20 dB loss at any frequency, or loss of response at three consecutive frequencies where responses were previously obtained, five Tobramycetin patients and three Tobramycetin patients were judged to have ototoxicity, a ratio similar to the planned 3:2 randomization for this study.

Audiology testing was also performed in a subset of patients in both Study 2 (n=13 from the Tobramycetin group and n=9 from the placebo group) and Study 3 (n=14 from the Tobramycetin group and n=11 from the placebo group). In Study 2, no patients reported hearing complaints but two Tobramycetin patients met the criteria for ototoxicity. In Study 3, three Tobramycetin and two placebo patients had reports of ‘hypoacusis.’ One Tobramycetin and two placebo patients met the criteria for ototoxicity. In some patients, ototoxicity was transient or may have been related to a conductive defect.

Cough

Cough is a common symptom in cystic fibrosis, reported in 42% of the patients in Study 1 at baseline. Cough was the most frequently reported adverse event in Study 1 and was more common in the Tobramycetin arm (48% Tobramycetin versus 31 % Tobramycetin). There was a higher rate of cough adverse event reporting during the first week of active treatment with Tobramycetin (i.e., the first week of Cycle 1). The time to first cough event in the Tobramycetin and Tobramycetin groups were similar thereafter. In some patients, cough resulted in discontinuation of Tobramycetin treatment. Sixteen patients (5%) receiving treatment with Tobramycetin discontinued study treatment due to cough events compared with 2 (1%) in the Tobramycetin treatment group. Children and adolescents coughed more than adults when treated with Tobramycetin, yet the adults were more likely to discontinue: of the 16 patients on Tobramycetin in Study 1 who discontinued treatment due to cough events, 14 were ≥20 years of age, one patient was between the ages of 13 and <20, and one was between the ages of 6 and <13. The rates of bronchospasm (as measured by ≥20% decrease in FEV1 % predicted post-dose) were approximately 5% in both treatment groups, and none of these patients experienced concomitant cough.

In Study 2, cough was the most commonly reported adverse event during the first cycle of treatment (the double blind period of treatment) and occurred more frequently in placebo-treated patients (26.5%) than patients treated with Tobramycetin (13%). Similar percentages of patients in both treatment groups reported cough as a baseline symptom. In Study 3, cough events were reported by three patients in the Tobramycetin group (10%) and none in the placebo group (0%).

Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of Tobramycetin. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders

Aphonia, Sputum discolored

General disorders and administration site conditions

Malaise

Tobramycetin contraindications

See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Tobramycetin?

A hypersensitivity to any aminoglycoside is a contraindication to the use of Tobramycetin. A history of hypersensitivity or serious toxic reactions to aminoglycosides may also contraindicate the use of any other aminoglycoside because of the known cross-sensitivity of patients to drugs in this class.

Active ingredient matches for Tobramycetin:

Tobramycin


List of Tobramycetin substitutes (brand and generic names)

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Unit description / dosage (Manufacturer)Price, USD
Solution; Ophthalmic; Tobramycin 0.3% (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Injectable; Injection; Tobramycin Sulfate 40 mg / ml (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Solution; Inhalation; Tobramycin 60 mg / ml (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Injectable; Injection; Tobramycin Sulfate 10 mg / ml (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Injectable; Injection; Tobramycin 40 mg / ml (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Injectable; Injection; Tobramycin Sulfate 1.2 g (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Tobi / 1 Box = 56, 5ml Ampules = 280ml Total 280ml Plastic Container (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 4461.42
Tobramycin 1.2 gm vial (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 338.25
TobraDex 0.3-0.1% Suspension 10ml Bottle (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 200.43
TobraDex 0.3-0.1% Ointment 3.5 gm Tube (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 126.67
TobraDex 0.3-0.1% Suspension 5ml Bottle (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 98.11
Tobrex 0.3% Ointment 3.5 gm Tube (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 80.02
Tobrex 0.3% Solution 5ml Bottle (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 67.58
TobraDex 0.3-0.1% Suspension 2.5ml Bottle (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 54.99
Tobramycin sulfate powder (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 53.55
Tobradex eye drops (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 19.27
Tobi 300 mg/5 ml solution (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 17.58
Tobramycin Sulfate 0.3% Solution 5ml Bottle (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 15.99
Tobrex 0.3% eye drops (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 13.00
Tobi 60 mg/ml Solution (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 11.40
Tobramycin Sulfate 40 mg/ml Solution (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 3.60
Tobramycin 40 mg/ml (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 3.14
Tobramycin 0.3% eye drops (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 2.99
Aktob 0.3% eye drops (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 2.85
Tobrex 0.3 % Ointment (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 2.66
Tobramycin 10 mg/ml (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 2.26
Tobrex 0.3 % Solution (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 1.88
Pms-Tobramycin 0.3 % Solution (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 1.05
Sandoz Tobramycin 0.3 % Solution (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 1.05
Tobramycin 60 mg/50 ml ns (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 0.19
Tobramycin 60 mg Injection (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)$ 0.48
Tobramycin solution 300 mg/5mL (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Tobramycin injection, solution 40 mg/mL (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Tobramycin solution/ drops 3 mg/mL (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Tobramycin solution 3 mg/mL (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Tobramycin injection 40 mg/mL (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Tobramycin injection, solution 10 mg/mL (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Tobramycin injection 1200 mg/30mL (Chandra Bhagat Pharma Pvt. Ltd.)
Tobramycin Actavis 80 mg/2 mL x 5 Bottle x 2 mL
Tobramycin Alcon 0.3 % x 5 mL

References

  1. DailyMed. "TOBRAMYCIN SULFATE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
  2. PubChem. "tobramycin". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/com... (accessed September 17, 2018).
  3. DrugBank. "tobramycin". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00684 (accessed September 17, 2018).

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The results of a survey conducted on ndrugs.com for Tobramycetin are given in detail below. The results of the survey conducted are based on the impressions and views of the website users and consumers taking Tobramycetin. We implore you to kindly base your medical condition or therapeutic choices on the result or test conducted by a physician or licensed medical practitioners.

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