Rivaldo Uses

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What is Rivaldo?

Rivaldo patch is used to treat dementia (memory loss) associated with mild, moderate, or severe Alzheimer's disease, or mild to moderate dementia associated with Parkinson's disease. Rivaldo will not cure these diseases and it will not stop these diseases from getting worse. However, Rivaldo can improve thinking ability in some patients with these diseases.

In Alzheimer's disease, many chemical changes take place in the brain. One of the earliest and biggest changes is that there is a decrease in a chemical called acetylcholine (ACh). ACh helps the brain to work properly. Rivaldo is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It slows the breakdown of ACh, so it can build up and have a greater effect. However, as Alzheimer's disease gets worse, there will be less and less ACh, so Rivaldo may not work as well.

Rivaldo is available only with your doctor's prescription.

Rivaldo indications

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Alzheimer’s Disease

Rivaldo transdermal system is indicated for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (AD). Efficacy has been demonstrated in patients with mild, moderate, and severe Alzheimer’s disease.

Parkinson’s Disease Dementia

Rivaldo transdermal system is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease (PDD).

How should I use Rivaldo?

Use Rivaldo solution as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Rivaldo solution.

Uses of Rivaldo in details

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Use: Labeled Indications

Alzheimer dementia:

Oral: Treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer type.

Transdermal: Treatment of mild, moderate, and severe dementia of the Alzheimer type.

Parkinson disease dementia: Treatment of mild to moderate dementia associated with Parkinson disease.

Off Label Uses

Dementia with Lewy bodies

Therapeutic options for the management of behavioral symptoms associated with Lewy body dementia are limited. Cholinesterase inhibitors are recommended for treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with Lewy body dementia by the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Consortium (McKeith 2005); however, Rivaldo is the only cholinesterase inhibitor with placebo-controlled data supporting its use. Although limited to fewer than 200 patients, initial data indicate Rivaldo provides statistically significant early improvement in clinical and cognitive assessments in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies and no deterioration with long-term therapy.

Rivaldo description

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Each patch of 5 cm2 contains Rivastigmine base 9 mg, in vivo release rate of 4.6 mg/24 hrs.

Each patch of 10 cm2 contains Rivastigmine base 18 mg, in vivo release rate of 9.5 mg/24 hrs.

Rivaldo patch also contains the following excipients: Vitamin E, poly (butyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate), acrylic copolymer, silicone oil.

Each patch is a thin, matrix-type transdermal patch consisting of 3 layers. The outside of the backing layer is beige and labelled for each patch dose as follows: "Rivaldo Patch 5" and "AMCX" or "Rivaldo Patch 10" and "BHDI".

Rivaldo dosage

Dosing In Alzheimer's Disease

Rivaldo should be taken with meals in divided doses in the morning and evening.

The recommended dosage of Rivaldo

Oral Solution and Capsules in Alzheimer's disease is 6 mg to 12 mg per day, administered twice a day (daily doses of 3 mg to 6 mg twice a day). There is evidence from the clinical trials that doses at the higher end of this range may be more beneficial.

Initial Dose

Initiate treatment with the 1.5 mg twice a day with Rivaldo.

Dose Titration

After a minimum of 2 weeks and if well tolerated, increase the dose to 3 mg twice a day. Subsequent increases to 4.5 mg twice a day and 6 mg twice a day should be attempted after a minimum of 2 weeks at the previous dose and if well tolerated. The maximum dose is 6 mg twice a day (12 mg per day).

Dosing In Parkinson's Disease Dementia

Rivaldo should be taken with meals in divided doses in the morning and evening.

The dosage of Rivaldo shown to be effective in the single controlled clinical trial conducted in dementia associated with Parkinson's disease is 3 mg to 12 mg per day, administered twice a day (daily doses of 1.5 mg to 6 mg twice a day).

Initial Dose

Initiate treatment with the 1.5 mg twice a day with Rivaldo.

Dose Titration

After a minimum of 4 weeks and if well tolerated, increase the dose to 3 mg twice a day. Subsequent increases to 4.5 mg twice a day and 6 mg twice a day should be attempted after a minimum of 4 weeks at the previous dose and if well tolerated. The maximum dose is 6 mg twice a day (12 mg per day).

Interruption Of Treatment

If adverse effects (e.g., nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, loss of appetite) cause intolerance during treatment, the patient should be instructed to discontinue treatment for several doses and then restart at the same or next lower dose level.

If dosing is interrupted for 3 days or fewer, restart treatment with the same or lower dose of Rivaldo. If dosing is interrupted for more than 3 days, treatment should be restarted with 1.5 mg twice a day and titrated as described above.

Dosing In Specific Populations

Dosing Modifications in Patients with Renal Impairment

Patients with moderate and severe renal impairment may be able to only tolerate lower doses.

Dosing Modifications in Patients with Hepatic Impairment

Patients with mild (Child-Pugh score 5 to 6) and moderate (Child-Pugh score 7 to 9) hepatic impairment may be able to only tolerate lower doses. No data are available on the use of Rivaldo in patients with severe hepatic impairment.

Dosing Modifications in Patients with Low Body Weight

Carefully titrate and monitor patients with low body weight (less than 50 kg) for toxicities (e.g., excessive nausea, vomiting), and consider reducing the dose if such toxicities develop.

Important Administration Instructions

Caregivers should be instructed in the correct procedure for administering Rivaldo

Oral Solution. In addition, they should be directed to the Instruction Sheet (included with the product) describing how the solution is to be administered. Caregivers should direct questions about the administration of the solution to either their physician or pharmacist.

Patients should be instructed to remove the oral dosing syringe provided in its protective case, and using the provided syringe, withdraw the prescribed amount of Rivaldo

Oral Solution from the container. Each dose of Rivaldo

Oral Solution may be swallowed directly from the syringe or first mixed with a small glass of water, cold fruit juice, or soda. Patients should be instructed to stir and drink the mixture.

Rivaldo

Oral Solution and Rivaldo Capsules may be interchanged at equal doses.

How supplied

Dosage Forms And Strengths

Rivaldo Capsules

Capsules, containing Rivaldo tartrate equivalent to 1.5 mg, 3 mg, 4.5 mg, or 6 mg of Rivaldo base, are available as follows:

1.5 mg capsule – yellow, “Rivaldo 1,5 mg” is printed in red on the body of the capsule.

3 mg capsule – orange, “Rivaldo 3 mg” is printed in red on the body of the capsule.

4.5 mg capsule – red, “Rivaldo 4,5 mg” is printed in white on the body of the capsule.

6 mg capsule – orange and red, “Rivaldo 6 mg” is printed in red on the body of the capsule.

Rivaldo

Oral Solution

Oral Solution is a clear yellow, solution containing Rivaldo tartrate equivalent to 2 mg/mL of Rivaldo base. For a full list of excipients, see DESCRIPTION.

Storage And Handling

Rivaldo Capsules

Rivaldo (Rivaldo tartrate) Capsules equivalent to 1.5 mg, 3 mg, 4.5 mg, or 6 mg of Rivaldo base are available as follows:

1.5 mg capsule – yellow, “Rivaldo 1,5 mg” is printed in red on the body of the capsule.

Bottles of 60 NDC 0078-0323-44

Bottles of 500 NDC 0078-0323-08

Unit Dose (blister pack) Box of 100 (strips of 10) NDC 0078-0323-06

3 mg capsule – orange, “Rivaldo 3 mg” is printed in red on the body of the capsule.

Bottles of 60 NDC 0078-0324-44

Bottles of 500 NDC 0078-0324-08

Unit Dose (blister pack) Box of 100 (strips of 10) NDC 0078-0324-06

4.5 mg capsule – red, “Rivaldo 4,5 mg” is printed in white on the body of the capsule.

Bottles of 60 NDC 0078-0325-44

Bottles of 500 NDC 0078-0325-08

Unit Dose (blister pack) Box of 100 (strips of 10) NDC 0078-0325-06

6 mg capsule – orange and red, “Rivaldo 6 mg” is printed in red on the body of the capsule.

Bottles of 60 NDC 0078-0326-44

Bottles of 500 NDC 0078-0326-08

Unit Dose (blister pack) Box of 100 (strips of 10) NDC 0078-0326-06

Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C–30°C (59°F–86°F). Store in a tight container.

Rivaldo

Oral Solution

Rivaldo (Rivaldo tartrate)

Oral Solution

is supplied as 120 mL of a clear, yellow solution (2 mg/mL base) in a 4ounce USP Type III amber glass bottle with a child-resistant 19-mm linerless cap, dip tube and self-aligning plug. The oral solution is packaged with a dispenser set which consists of an assembled oral dosing syringe that allows dispensing a maximum volume of 3 mL corresponding to a 6-mg dose, with a plastic tube container.

Bottles of 120 mL NDC 0078-0339-31

Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C–30°C (59°F–86°F). Store in an upright position and protect from freezing.

When Rivaldo

Oral Solution is combined with cold fruit juice or soda, the mixture is stable at room temperature for up to 4 hours.

Distributed by: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation East Hanover, New Jersey 07936. Revised: Oct 2013

Rivaldo interactions

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What other drugs will affect Rivaldo?

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Rivaldo is metabolized mainly through hydrolysis by esterases. Minimal metabolism occurs via the major cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes. Thus, no pharmacokinetic interactions are anticipated with other drugs metabolized by these enzymes.

No pharmacokinetic interaction was observed between oral Rivaldo and digoxin, warfarin, diazepam or fluoxetine in studies in healthy volunteers. The increase in prothrombin time induced by warfarin is not affected by administration of Rivaldo. No untoward effects on cardiac conduction were observed following concomitant administration of digoxin and Rivaldo.

Concomitant administration of Rivaldo with commonly prescribed medications eg, antacids, antiemetics, antidiabetics, centrally-acting antihypertensives, β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, inotropic drugs, antianginals, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, estrogens, analgesics, benzodiazepines and antihistamines, was not associated with an alteration in the kinetics of Rivaldo, or an increased risk of clinically relevant untoward effects.

In view of its pharmacodynamic effects, Rivaldo should not be given concomitantly with other cholinomimetic drugs and might interfere with the activity of anticholinergic medications.

As a cholinesterase inhibitor, Rivaldo may exaggerate the effects of succinylcholine-type muscle relaxants during anesthesia.

Incompatibilities: Not applicable.

Rivaldo side effects

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What are the possible side effects of Rivaldo?

The following adverse reactions are described below and elsewhere in the labeling:

Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions.
Skin Reactions.
Other Adverse Reactions from Increased Cholinergic Activity.

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Rivaldo transdermal system has been administered to 4516 patients with Alzheimer’s disease during clinical trials worldwide. Of these, 3005 patients have been treated for at least 26 weeks, 1771 patients have been treated for at least 52 weeks, 974 patients have been treated for at least 78 weeks and 24 patients have been treated for at least 104 weeks.

Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease

24-Week International Placebo-Controlled Trial (Study 1)

Most Common Adverse Reactions

The most common adverse reactions in patients administered Rivaldo transdermal system in Study 1, defined as those occurring at a frequency of at least 5% in the 9.5 mg/24 hours Rivaldo transdermal system arm and at a frequency at higher than in the placebo group, were nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These reactions were dose-related, with each being more common in patients using the unapproved 17.4 mg/24 hours Rivaldo transdermal system than in those using the 9.5 mg/24 hours Rivaldo transdermal system.

Discontinuation Rates

In Study 1, which randomized a total of 1195 patients, the proportions of patients in the Rivaldo transdermal system 9.5 mg/24 hours, Rivaldo tartrate capsules 6 mg twice daily, and placebo groups who discontinued treatment due to adverse events were 10%, 8%, and 5%, respectively.

The most common adverse reactions in the Rivaldo transdermal system-treated groups that led to treatment discontinuation in this study were nausea and vomiting. The proportions of patients who discontinued treatment due to nausea were 0.7%, 1.7%, and 1.3% in the Rivaldo transdermal system 9.5 mg/24 hours, Rivaldo tartrate capsules 6 mg twice daily, and placebo groups, respectively. The proportions of patients who discontinued treatment due to vomiting were 0%, 2.0%, and 0.3% in the Rivaldo transdermal system 9.5 mg/24 hours, Rivaldo tartrate capsules 6 mg twice daily, and placebo groups, respectively.

Adverse Reactions Observed at an Incidence of ≥2%

Table 1 lists adverse reactions seen at an incidence of ≥2% in either Rivaldo transdermal system-treated group in Study 1 and for which the rate of occurrence was greater for patients treated with that dose of Rivaldo transdermal system than for those treated with placebo. The unapproved 17.4 mg/24 hours Rivaldo transdermal system arm is included to demonstrate the increased rates of gastrointestinal adverse reactions over those seen with the 9.5 mg/24 hours Rivaldo transdermal system.

*Vomiting was severe in 0% of patients who received Rivaldo transdermal system 9.5 mg/24 hours, 1% of patients who received Rivaldo transdermal system 17.4 mg/24 hours, 1% of patients who received the Rivaldo tartrate capsule at doses up to 6 mg twice daily, and 0% of those who received placebo.

**Weight Decreased as presented in Table 1 is based upon clinical observations and/or adverse events reported by patients or caregivers. Body weight was also monitored at prespecified time points throughout the course of the clinical study. The proportion of patients who had weight loss equal to or greater than 7% of their baseline weight was 8% of those treated with Rivaldo transdermal system 9.5 mg/24 hours, 12% of those treated with Rivaldo transdermal system 17.4 mg/24 hours, 11% of patients who received the Rivaldo tartrate capsule at doses up to 6 mg twice daily and 6% of those who received placebo. It is not clear how much of the weight loss was associated with anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and the diarrhea associated with the drug.

48-Week International Active Comparator-Controlled Trial (Study 2)

Most Common Adverse Reactions

In Study 2 of the commonly observed adverse reactions (≥3% in any treatment group) the most frequent event in the Rivaldo transdermal system 13.3 mg/24 hours group was nausea, followed by vomiting, fall, weight decreased, application site erythema, decreased appetite, diarrhea and urinary tract infection (Table 3). The percentage of patients with these events was higher in the Rivaldo transdermal system 13.3 mg/24 hours group than in the Rivaldo transdermal system 9.5 mg/24 hours group. Patients with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and decreased appetite experienced these reactions more often during the first 4 weeks of the double-blind treatment phase. These reactions decreased over time in each treatment group. Weight decreased was reported to have increased over time in each treatment group.

Discontinuation Rates

Table 2 displays the most common adverse reactions leading to discontinuation during the 48-week, double-blind treatment phase in Study 2.

Most Common Adverse Reactions ≥3%

Other adverse reactions of interest which occurred less frequently, but which were observed in a markedly higher percentage of patients in the Rivaldo transdermal system 13.3 mg/24 hours group than in the Rivaldo transdermal system 9.5 mg/24 hours group in Study 2, included dizziness and upper abdominal pain. The percentage of patients with these reactions decreased over time in each treatment group (Table 3). The adverse reaction severity profile was generally similar for both the Rivaldo transdermal system 13.3 mg/24 hours and 9.5 mg/24 hours groups.

*Decreased Weight as presented in Table 3 is based upon clinical observations and/or adverse events reported by patients or caregivers. Body weight was monitored as a vital sign at pre-specified time points throughout the course of the clinical study. The proportion of patients who had weight loss equal to or greater than 7% of their baseline weight was 15.2% of those treated with Rivaldo transdermal system 9.5 mg/24 hours and 18.6% of those treated with Rivaldo transdermal system 13.3 mg/24 hours during the 48-week double-blind treatment period.

Severe Alzheimer’s Disease

24-Week US Controlled Trial (Study 3)

Most Commonly Observed Adverse Reactions

The most common adverse reactions in patients administered Rivaldo transdermal system in the controlled clinical trial, defined as those occurring at a frequency of at least 5% in the 13.3 mg/24 hours Rivaldo transdermal system arm and at a frequency higher than in the 4.6 mg/24 hours Rivaldo transdermal system were application site erythema, fall, insomnia, vomiting, diarrhea, weight decreased, and nausea (Table 4). Patients in the lower dose group reported more events of agitation, urinary tract infection, and hallucinations than patients in the higher dose group.

Discontinuation Rates

In Study 3, the proportions of patients in the Rivaldo transdermal system 13.3 mg/24 hours (n=355) and Rivaldo transdermal system 4.6 mg/24 hours (n=359), who discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions were 21% and 14%, respectively.

The most frequent adverse reaction leading to discontinuation in the 13.3 mg/24 hours treatment group versus the 4.6 mg/24 hours treatment group was agitation (2.8% versus 2.2%), followed by vomiting (2.5% and 1.1%), nausea (1.7% and 1.1%), decreased appetite (1.7% and 0%), aggression (1.1% and 0.3%), fall (1.1% and 0.3%) and syncope (1.1% and 0.3%). Otherwise, all AEs leading to discontinuation were reported in <1% of patients.

Most Commonly Observed Adverse Reactions ≥5%

Other adverse reactions of interest which were observed in a higher percentage of patients in the Rivaldo transdermal system 13.3 mg/24 hours group than in the Rivaldo transdermal system 4.6 mg/24 hours group, included application site erythema, fall, insomnia, vomiting, diarrhea, weight decreased, and nausea (Table 4). Overall, the majority of patients in this study experienced adverse reactions that were mild (30.7%) or moderate (32.1%) in severity. Slightly more patients in the 4.6 mg/24 hours patch group reported mild events than in the 13.3 mg/24 hours patch group, while the numbers of patients reporting moderate events were comparable between groups. Severe adverse reactions were reported at a slightly higher percentage at the higher dose (12.4%) than at the lower dose (10%) treatment groups. With the exception of severe adverse reactions of agitation (13.3 mg: 1.1%; 4.6 mg: 1.4%), fall (13.3 mg: 1.1%) and urinary tract infection (4.6 mg: 1.1%), all adverse reactions reported as severe occurred in less than 1% of patients in either treatment group.

Application Site Reactions

Application site skin reactions leading to discontinuation were observed in ≤2.3% of Rivaldo transdermal system patients. This number was 4.9% and 8.4% in the Chinese population and Japanese population, respectively.

Cases of skin irritation were captured separately on an investigator-rated skin irritation scale. Skin irritation, when observed, was mostly slight or mild in severity and was rated as severe in ≤2.2% of Rivaldo transdermal system patients in a double-blind controlled study and in ≤3.7% of Rivaldo transdermal system patients in a double-blind controlled study in Japanese patients.

Parkinson’s Disease Dementia

76-week International Open-Label Trial (Study 4)

Rivaldo transdermal system has been administered to 288 patients with mild to moderate Parkinson’s Disease Dementia in a single, 76-week, open-label, active-comparator safety study. Of these, 256 have been treated for at least 12 weeks, 232 for at least 24 weeks, and 196 for at least 52 weeks.

Treatment with Rivaldo transdermal system was initiated at 4.6 mg/24 hours and if tolerated the dose was increased after 4 weeks to 9.5 mg/24 hours. Rivaldo tartrate capsule (target maintenance dose of 12 mg/day) served as the active comparator and was administered to 294 patients. Adverse reactions are presented in Table 5.

Additional adverse reactions observed during the 76-week prospective, open-label study in patients with dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease treated with Rivaldo transdermal system: Frequent (those occurring in at least 1/100 patients): dehydration, weight decreased, aggression, hallucination visual.

In patients with dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease the following adverse drug reactions have only been observed in clinical trials with Rivaldo tartrate capsules: Frequent: nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, restlessness, worsening of Parkinson’s disease, bradycardia, diarrhea, dyspepsia, salivary hypersecretion, sweating increased; Infrequent (those occurring between 1/100 to 1/1000 patients): dystonia, atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block.

Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of Rivaldo. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Hypertension, application site hypersensitivity, urticaria, blister, allergic dermatitis, seizure, Parkinson’s disease (worsening), tachycardia, abnormal liver function tests, disseminated allergic dermatitis, and tremor.

Rivaldo contraindications

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What is the most important information I should know about Rivaldo?

Before taking Rivaldo, tell your doctor if you have a heart rhythm disorder such as "sick sinus syndrome" (slow heartbeats), an enlarged prostate, urination problems, asthma, obstructive pulmonary disease, or a seizure disorder such as epilepsy.

Stop using Rivaldo and call your doctor at once if the medicine causes you to have stomach pain, nausea and vomiting, and loss of appetite.

This medication comes with patient instructions for safe and effective use. Follow these directions carefully. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions.

It is important to use Rivaldo regularly to get the most benefit. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of medicine completely.

If you stop taking Rivaldo for any reason, do not restart the medication without talking to your doctor first. You may need to restart treatment with a lower dose.

If you need to have any type of surgery, tell the surgeon ahead of time that you are taking Rivaldo.

Rivaldo can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.



Active ingredient matches for Rivaldo:

Rivastigmine in Poland.


List of Rivaldo substitutes (brand and generic names)

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Unit description / dosage (Manufacturer)Price, USD
1.5 mg x 10's (Sun Pharma)$ 0.87
3 mg x 10's (Sun Pharma)$ 1.23
Rivamer 1.5mg CAP / 10 (Sun Pharma)$ 0.87
Rivamer 3mg CAP / 10 (Sun Pharma)$ 1.23
RIVAMER 1.5 MG CAPSULE 1 strip / 10 capsules each (Sun Pharma)$ 1.27
RIVAMER 3 MG CAPSULE 1 strip / 10 capsules each (Sun Pharma)$ 1.63
RIVAMER 4.5 MG CAPSULE 1 strip / 10 capsules each (Sun Pharma)$ 1.27
RIVAMER 6 MG CAPSULE 1 strip / 10 capsules each (Sun Pharma)$ 1.30
Rivamer cap 1.5 mg 10's (Sun Pharma)
Rivamer cap 3 mg 10's (Sun Pharma)
RIVAMER cap 1.5 mg x 10's (Sun Pharma)$ 0.87
RIVAMER cap 3 mg x 10's (Sun Pharma)$ 1.23
Rivamer 1.5mg Capsule (Sun Pharma)$ 0.13
Rivamer 3mg Capsule (Sun Pharma)$ 0.17
Rivamer 4.5mg Capsule (Sun Pharma)$ 0.13
Rivamer 6mg Capsule (Sun Pharma)$ 0.13
RIVAPLAST 90MG PATCH 1 packet / 3 patchs each (Zuventus)$ 3.58
RIVAPLAST 9MG TRANSDERMAL PATCH 1 packet / 3 transdermal patchs each (Zuventus)$ 3.58
RIVAPLAST transdermal patch 9 mg x 3's (Zuventus)$ 3.58
Rivaplast 9mg Transdermal Patch (Zuventus)$ 1.19
RIVASMINE Capsule/ Tablet / 1.5mg / 10 units (Cipla)$ 0.54
RIVASMINE Capsule/ Tablet / 3mg / 10 units (Cipla)$ 0.78
RIVASMINE Capsule/ Tablet / 4.5mg / 10 units (Cipla)$ 1.02
RIVASMINE Capsule/ Tablet / 6mg / 10 units (Cipla)$ 1.27
Rivasmine 1.5mg CAP / 10 (Cipla)$ 0.54
Rivasmine 3mg CAP / 10 (Cipla)$ 0.78
Rivasmine 4.5mg CAP / 10 (Cipla)$ 1.02
Rivasmine 6mg CAP / 10 (Cipla)$ 1.27
1.5 mg x 10's (Cipla)$ 0.54
3 mg x 10's (Cipla)$ 0.78

References

  1. DailyMed. "RIVASTIGMINE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
  2. PubChem. "rivastigmine". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/com... (accessed September 17, 2018).
  3. DrugBank. "rivastigmine". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00989 (accessed September 17, 2018).

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